lab 7 Flashcards
color change is an example of
neuroendocrine control system
what do you call a specialized integument cell
chromatophores
function of chromatophores
mediate the neuroendocrine function of physiological color change
function of melanophores
pigments in specialized chromatophores that allow for color change due to aggregation or dispersion
where can we find melanophores
below an animals epidermis
T/F melanosomes are also called pigment granules
T
Define melanophores
specialized type of chromatophore that contains the black pigment melanin.
where are melanosomes redistributed
cytoskeletal elements of the cytosol
what structure releases pigment dispersing hormone (PDH) in crustaceans
endocrine eyestalk
function of PDH
controls pigment dispersal
what structure releases melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) in vertebrates
pituitary gland
function of MSH
to disperse pigment
in vertebrate what else other than hormones can control melanosome dispersion
NT NE
define melanosomes
organelles containing the pigments that move throughout the cytoplasm of melanophore during color change
what activity breaks down cAMP to AMP and leads to pigment aggregation
phosphodiesterase
T/F you do not need to rinse off forceps before and after using a solution
F
what are the two types of adrenergic receptors
alpha and beta
what kind of G-protein are a2-adrenergic receptors associated with and what happens to cAMP?
Gi proteins that decrease cAMP
pigment aggregation
what kind of G-protein is associated with B adrenergic receptors and what happens to cAMP?
Gs protein that increase cAMP levels
pigment dispersal
classify phenylephrine in terms of receptors
a2-adrenergic agonist
classify yohimbine in terms of receptors
a-2 adrenergic antagonist
classify isoproterenol in terms of receptors
B adrenergic agonist
classify propranolol in terms of receptors
B adrenergic antagonist
MDI stands for
melanophore dispersion index
MSH activates
pigment dispersal
NE activates
pigment aggregation
IDMX inhibits
phosphodiesterase
what tool is used to show cAMP is a 2nd messenger?
IBMX
Gs ____ cAMP and promotes _____
increases
dispersal
Gi ____ cAMP and promotes _____
decreases
aggregation
