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Microbiology Lab > Lab 6: Environmental Factors that Effect Microbial Growth and Introduction to Special Media > Flashcards

Lab 6: Environmental Factors that Effect Microbial Growth and Introduction to Special Media Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Three environmental factors that affect growth:

A
  • Oxygen
  • pH
  • Temperature
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2
Q

Obligate Aerobes

A

Only grow aerobically
* In the presence of oxygen (aerobically)

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3
Q

Obligate Anaerobes

A

Only grow anaerobically
* Are unable to use oxygen and are harmed by it

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4
Q

Facultative Anaerobes

A

Grow aerobically or anaerobically
* Can grow with or without oxygen

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5
Q

Aerotolerant Anaerobes

A

Grow in the presence of oxygen because these microorganisms can tolerate it
* Cannot use oxygen for metabolic purposes

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6
Q

Microaerophiles

A

Grow only aerobically
* Differ from obligate aerobes because concentrations of oxygen lower than air are required for growth

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7
Q
A

Obligate Aerobes

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8
Q
A

Obligate Anaerobes

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9
Q
A

Facultative Anaerobes

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10
Q
A

Aerotolerant Anaerobes

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11
Q
A

Microaerophiles

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12
Q
A

Aerotolerate Anaerobe

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13
Q
A

Facultative Anaerobe

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14
Q

notice the pink media at the top of the test tube indicating the presence of O2

A

Obligate/Strict Anaerobe

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15
Q
A

Obligate/Strict Aerobe

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16
Q

notice the pink media at the top of the test tube indicating the presence of O2

A

Microaerophile

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17
Q

Resazurin

A

Turns media pink indicating presence of O2

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18
Q
A

O2 has been reduced

colorless

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19
Q
A

Presence of O2

media turns pink

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20
Q

Identify A:

A

Facultative Anaerobe

since it grew in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions

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21
Q

Identify B:

A

Obligate Anaerobe

because only grew in anaerobic jar

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22
Q

Identify C:

A

Obligate Aerobe

because only grew in aerobic conditions

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23
Q

Identify D:

A

Facultative Anaerobe

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24
Q

Psychrophile

A

below 20°C

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25
Q

Psychrotroph

A

0°C - 30°C

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26
Q

Mesophile

A

15°C - 45°C

(human pathogen)

27
Q

Thermophile

A

above 45°C

28
Q

Extreme Thermophile

A

above 65°C

29
Q

Acidophile

A

Acidic environments below pH 5.5

30
Q

Neutrophile

A

pH levels between 5.5 and 8.5

31
Q

Alkaliphile

A

Alkaline/basic conditions above 8.5

32
Q

Selective Media

A

Used to isolate microoorganisms by inhibiting the growth of some organisms while encouraging the growth of others

33
Q

Differential Media

A

Media that contains indicators, which help differentiate microorganism based on a variety of factors

(ex. fermentation)

34
Q

Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA)

A

Used for the isolation and differentiation of Staphylococcus
* Testing for the inhibition of growth by NaCl and Mannitol fermentation

Only Staphylococcus genus are able to grow on this media

35
Q

Mannitol

A

Carbohydrate serves as the substrate for fermantation
* is what makes MSA differential

(only microorganism that are able to ferment mannitol will produce acid by products turning the media (MSA) acidic and triggering the indicator to turn yellow)

36
Q

Sodium Chloride

A

7.5% Sodium Chloride (NaCl) concentration
* makes it selective

(only microorganisms that area able to grow in high concentration of salt will grow on MSA media)

37
Q

Phenol Red

A

Indicator for fermentation of mannitol

Yellow = Acidic (+)

38
Q

What is A dipicting?

Mannitol Salt Agar Plate
A

Inhibition of growth

39
Q

What is B dipicting?

Mannitol Salt Agar Plate
A

(+) Growth
(-) Fermentation

40
Q

What is C depicting?

Mannitol Salt Agar Plate
A

(+) Growth
(+) Fermentation

41
Q

MacConkey Agar (MCA)

A

Used for the isolation of Gram (-) microorganisms - coliforms

  • Testing for the inhibition of Gram (+) growth by bile salts and crystal violet within the media and lactose fermentation

Only Gram (-) will grow on MCA

42
Q

Lactose

MacConkey Agar (MCA)

A

Carbohydrate serves as the substrate for fermentation
* Makes MCA differential

**(only microorganism that are able to ferment Lactose will produce acid by products turning the media acidic and triggering the indicator to turn pink → colonies will appear pink)

43
Q

Bile Salts and Crystal Violet

A

Are within the media and inhibit the growth of Gram (+) microorganisms
* Make MCA selective

(only microorganisms that area able to grow in or tolerate the presence of bile salt and crystal violet will grow on this media)

44
Q

Neutral Red

A

Indicator for fermentation of lactose

  • Red/pink colonies → decrease in pH → Acidic ( + for lactose fermentation)
  • Colorless colonies → pH 6.8 or higher → ( - for lactose fermentation)
45
Q

Neutral Red

Colorless Colonies

A

pH 6.8 or higher
* ( - for lactose fermentation)

46
Q

Neutral Red

Red/Pink Colonies

A

Decrease in pH
* Acidic ( + for lactose fermentation)

47
Q

Identify A

MacConkey Agar (MCA) Plate
A

Lactose negative

48
Q

Identify B

MacConkey Agar (MCA) Plate
A

Lactose positive

49
Q

Identify C

MacConkey Agar (MCA) Plate
A

Lactose positive

50
Q

Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB)

A

Used for the isolation of Gram (-) microorganisms - coliforms
* Testing for the inhibition of Gram (+) growth by eosin y and methylene blue dye within the media and lactose fermentation

51
Q

Lactose

Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB)

A

Carbohydrate serves as the substrate for fermentation
* Makes EMB media differential

(only microorganisms that area able to grow in or tolerate the presence of Eosin y and Methylene Blue will grow on this media)

52
Q

Dyes

Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB)

A

Indicator for fermentation of lactose / pH indicator → increases dye absorption by the colonies

53
Q

Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) Dyes:

Purple/pink colonies

A

decrease in pH → Acidic (+) for lactose fermentation and (-) for coliforms

medium lactose fermenters

54
Q

Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) Dyes:

Metallic green sheen

A

decrease in pH → Acidic (+) for lactose fermentation and (+) for coliforms

vigorous lactose fermenters

55
Q

Dark Purple-Black

A

(+) for lactose fermentation

agressive lactose fermenter

56
Q

Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) Dyes:

Colorless colonies

A

pH 6.8 or higher → Neutral/ Basic (-) for lactose fermentation and (-) for coliforms

57
Q

Identify A

Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB)
A

Lactose negative

colorless colonies

58
Q

Identify B

Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB)
A

Lactose positive

medium lactose fermenter

purple/pink colonies

59
Q

Identify C

Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB)
A

Lactose positive

agressive lactose fermenter

metallic green sheen

60
Q

Fastidious organisms

A

Require special growth factors such as blood, brain extracts, vitamins, etc.

61
Q
A

Beta-hemolysis

62
Q
A

Alpha hemolysis

63
Q
A

Gamma hemolysis

Microbiology Lab (8 decks)

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