Lab 5 Past Questions

Question 1

define dead space?

Answer 1

• the portion of each tidal volume that doesn’t take part in gas exchange

Question 2

define dynamic lung volume?

Answer 2

• lung volume dependent on the flow rate at which air can be exhaled

Question 3

define vital capacity?

Answer 3

• the maximal volume expelled after maximal inspiration (VC=ERV+IRV+VT)

Question 4

define inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 4

• the amount of air that can be forcibly inspired after a normal inspiration.

Question 5

define expiratory reserve volume?

Answer 5

• the amount of air that can be forcibly expired after a normal expiration.

Question 6

define expiration capacity?

Answer 6

• the maximal volume expired from resting inspiratory level. (EC=VT+ERV)

Question 7

define tidal volume?

Answer 7

• the amount of air exhaled or inhaled during a respiratory cycle.

Question 8

define residual volume?

Answer 8

• the amount of air remaining in lung after maximal expiration. (RV=VCx0.25)

Question 9

define inspiratory capacity?

Answer 9

• the maximal volume inspired from resting expiratory level (IC=VT+IRV)

Question 10

define functional residual capacity?

Answer 10

• the air volume that remain in the lung at resting expiratory level. (FRC=ERV+RV)

Question 11

define total lung capacity?

Answer 11

• the air volume in the lungs at the end of maximal inspiration. (TLC=VC+RV)

Question 12

define minimal volume?

Answer 12

• achieved when lung collaps. Fraction get into interstices by diffusion at first breath

Question 13

what can be measured with pneumatometer?

Answer 13

• Respiratory pressure

Question 14

tiffeneau index formula?

Answer 14

• TI(%)=(FEV1/VC)x100

Question 15

How to performe the Muller manoeuvre?

Answer 15

• forced inspiration after normal expiration with closed glottis.

Question 16

How to performe the Valsalva manoeuvre?

Answer 16

• take deap breath and perform forced expiration with closed glottis.

Question 17

Where is the chemoreceptors that can sense the CO2 partial pressure in the blood situated?

Answer 17

• at bottom of forth cerebral ventricle

Question 18

What happens with the heart rate during inspiration? Explain

Answer 18

• During inspiration the heart rate is higher than during expiration.
  Because DRG nuclei inhibis the vagal nuclei during inspiration

Question 19

What is meant by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA)?

Answer 19

• changes is heart rate in connection with respiration

Question 20

Formula for total lung capacity

Answer 20

• TLC = VC + RV

Question 21

Donder’s model

Answer 21

• glass bell, rubber sheet, two rubber balloons and a cannula connected to a manometer

Question 22

Hyperpnoea

Answer 22

• the deep and frequent respiration that occurs normally after exercising)

Question 23

Effect of Hypocapnia

Answer 23

• If it provides more air than requires, can cause dizziness. Hyperventilation)