Lab 4 Questions Flashcards
What effect does the propanolol have on the heart function?
Beta receptor blocker.
What effect does the atropine have on the heart function?
Competitive antagonist of acetylcholine.
Which drug is a parasympathetic transmitter?
Acetylcholine
Which drug is a Na+/K+ ATPase blocker?
Strophantine
How can the change in the drug concentration in the nutrient solution be calculated?
Based on the
- Flow rate of the drug administering
- Concentration of the drug solution.
What does it mean that Propanolol is a sympathico-lyticum?
That it inhibits type B1 and B2 adrenoceptors
Where is Acetylcholine liberated/transported/formed from?
The synapses of the n. vagus
What does the Acetylcholine exerts?
Negative
- chrono
- bathmo
- dromo
- and inotropic effect on the heart through type 2 muscarinic receptors
What leads to irregeular heart beats(arrhythmia)?
Blocking of calcium channels after elicitation of spontaneous diastolic depolarization in the AV node is delayed.
What is it Strophantine do more specifically?
Increases the IC Na+ conc. and
Decreases the IC K+ conc. in the heart.
(A consequence of the increased IC Na+ conc. the IC Ca2+ conc. will increase as well)
Another effect Strophantine have?
Stimulation of the sarcoplasmic Ca2+ - ATPase -> responsible for Muscle relaxation.
What can happen if you overdose Strophantine?
May lead to AV block.
Pulse frequency?
Fast pulse can be distinguished during the pulse rate
What ECG stands for and is used for?
- Electro cardio graphy
- To record electrical potential differences generated by the heart and conducted to the body surface.
What does the ECQ result tell us?
- The hearts position
- Heart rate
- Pacemaker rhytm and its origin.
- Propagation of depolarization/repolarization.
P wave
- Positive wave
- Atrial depolarization
- Can’t be seen on the ECG trace because it coincides with the QRS complex.
Q wave
- Associated with ventricular electrical actions.
- Indicates the transmission of excitation from the His bundle to the ventricular muscle.
R wave
- Indicates DEPOLARIZATION of the major mass of the ventricles.
- The CARDIAC AXIS can be determined by the AMPLITUDE of the R wave.
S wave
- Negative wave ( occurs after the R wave )
QRS complex
A result of the ventricular depolarization of the ECG (a special pattern)
T wave
- Ventricular repolarization
- Varies between the species
- In human and carnivores an upward deflection (like the P wave the indicates depolarization)
What’s vectorcardiogram?
The total sum of the vector loops
What does the cardiac axis in practice refers to?
Size of the heart
What is cardiac axis deviation mainly cause by?
A change in the spreading of the DEPOLARIZATION
What play a definite role in the formation and the volume of the Interstitial fluid (ISF)?
Filtration and resorption
What’s systolic pressure?
Maximal pressure during a cardiac cycle
What’s diastolic pressure?
Minimum pressure measured at the end of the distole
What’s Mean arterial pressure?
Average blood pressure over a period of time
What’s pulse pressure?
Difference of systolic and diastolic pressures
What does Indirect blood pressure measuring mean?
An artery (a. brachialis) compressed and the released slowly.
How do we determine the Blood pressure values?
Based on different sounds that originates from the blood flow and clapping of the artery wall.
The sounds that’s measured in the blood pressure to determine the value, where do they occur?
Between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure values
