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Lab Exam 2 > Lab 5 Cell Respiration > Flashcards

Lab 5 Cell Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

What is the initial substrate for glycolysis?

A

Glucose

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2
Q

What are the final products of aerobic respiration?

A

ATP and CO2

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3
Q

During respiration does glucose get oxidized or reduced?

A

Oxidized to CO2 and H2O

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4
Q

What is the overall equation for glucose oxidation?

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 goes to 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

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5
Q

Why would it be a bad idea to transfer the electrons directly from the glucose molecule to oxygen?

A

Cannot harness energy

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6
Q

Give an example of spontaneous process?

A

Water flowing downhill

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7
Q

What happens in a redox reaction, give an example

A

Transfer of electrons between atoms

An object falling from from a location of high potential energy to a location of low potential energy

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8
Q

Why are partial electron transfers considered to be redox reactions?

A

Because one atom is more electronegative than the other which increases it’s electron density

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9
Q

How can you estimate the relative energy content of an organic molecule?

A

Based on the number of c-c and c-H bonds

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10
Q

What are the four stages of cellular respiration and where in the cell do they take place?

A

Glycolysis: cytoplasm
acetyl coa synthesis : mitochondria
Citric acid cycle: mitochondria
Oxidative phosphorylation: mitochondria

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11
Q

How many carbon atoms are in glucose, pyruvate and acetyl coa?

A

6
3
2

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12
Q

Which form NAD+ or NADH is ready to accept electrons, give up electrons, oxidized and reduced?

A

NAD+ picks up electrons, reduced

NADH give up two electrons, oxidized

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13
Q

Why are only 2 net ATP produced during glycolysis?

A

Because of the investment phase which costs 2 ATP

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14
Q

What high energy molecule are produced during glycolysis?

A

2 ATP and 2 NADH

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15
Q

Describe substrate level phosphorylation

A

Transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from an organic donor molecule
Produces small amount of ATP

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16
Q

Describe oxidative phosphorylation

A

ATP is indirectly formed by the transfer of high energy electrons.
Oxidizing nutrients to form ATP
Extra phosphate comes from inorganic phosphate

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17
Q

Where does substrate level phosphorylation occur?

A

Glycolysis and kerbs cycle

18
Q

Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur

A

Electron transport chain

19
Q

What happens to pyruvate in the living step between glycolysis and the krebs cycle?

A

Gets converted to acetyl coa and produce an NADH

20
Q

How many carbons are in the last intermediate step of the Krebs cycle before the actyl group is added?

A

4

21
Q

How many carbons are in the first intermediate step of the Krebs cycle before the actyl group is added? What is the name of the molecule?

A

6

Citric acid

22
Q

Beside ATP what other high energy molecules are produced during the Krebs cycle?

A

NADH and FADH2

23
Q

When is co2 produced during cell respiration?

A

During the Krebs cycle

24
Q

Where is the etc located?

A

Inner Cell membrane of the mitochondrion

25
Q

What is the function of oxygen in the etc?

A

It’s a product that occurs when cytochrome c moves into complex 4 where oxygen is reduced to form water

26
Q

Where does fadh2 drop off its electron on the etc?

A

Complex 2

27
Q

Are H+ pumped into or out of the matrix during electron transport?

A

Out of the mitochondrial matrix

28
Q

Why does it require energy for electrons to be pumped trough the etc?

A

Because it pumping against their concentration gradient

29
Q

How do H+ electrons find their way to ATP synthase?

A

They go down their concentration gradient

30
Q

Does FADH2 produce as much ATP as NADH? Why or why not?

A

No

Because NADH is pumped through complex 1 which allows it to pump more H+ before FADH2 can give up electron to complex 2

31
Q

Which pathways produces the most ATP?

A

The electron transport chain

32
Q

Where does glycolysis, CAC, ETC take place in a eukaryotic cell?

A

Cytosol, mitochondria, mitochondria

33
Q

When is NADH released during glycolysis?

A

When a C-H bond is broken

34
Q

When is ATP produced during glycolysis?

A

When a phosphate group attaches to a pyruvate

35
Q

When is NADH produce during the Krebs cycle?

A

When a C-H bond is broken

36
Q

How many carbons do pyruvate have before it’s converted into acetyl coa and after?

A

3 and acetyl coa has 2

37
Q

When is co2 produced during the kreb cycle?

A

When a C-C bond is broken

38
Q

What are the net gains after glycolysis?

A

2 ATP
2 NADH
2 pyruvate

39
Q

What is the net gain after the Krebs cycle?

A

2 ATP
8 NADH
2 FADH2

40
Q

How much ATP does one molecule of NADH and fadh2 make?

A

NADH makes 2.5 ATP

Fadh2 makes 1.5

Lab Exam 2 (4 decks)

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