Lab 5 Flashcards
What is flexion?
A decrease in a joint angle
What is extension?
An increase in a joint angle
What is the order of bones in a bird’s leg from proximal to distal?
Femur Knee Shank (Fibula & tibiotarsus) Intertarsal joint Tarso-metatarsus Phalanges
What is the order of bones in a human’s leg from proximal to distal?
Femur Knee Tibia (with small fibula) Ankle Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges
What colours does masson’s trichrome stain skeletal muscle, collagen, nuclei and bone?
Skeletal muscle = Red
Collagen = Green
Bone = red/pink in some places, blue/green in others
Nuclei = brown/black
How good is the blood supply to the tendon?
Quite avascular
In how many directions does collagen withstand tension?
2 directions, but one plane.
How does the arrangement of collagen in the tendon change as it nears bone?
In purely the tendon, it is quite parallel, with about 20 fibres per bundle
As it nears the bone it becomes wavy and irreguar
What is the difference between chicken and human RBCs?
Chicken RBCs have nuclei
How are sharpey’s fibres formed?
Osteoblasts secrete osteoid onto collagen fibres already projecting into bone, calcifying it.
What shape are muscle fibres in cross section?
Polyhedral
What happens to the coarse collagen fibres in the tendon as they near the muscle?
They blend at the myotendinous junction, becoming attached to the sarcolemma
What are the muscles of the chicken thigh from lateral to medial?
Lateral iliotibular muscle –> Iliofibular muscle –> Lateral knee flexor muscle –> medial knee flexor muscle
Which muscle has a sling surrounding its tendon?
The iliofibular muscle
What is superficial fascia?
The soft, weak layer of CT directly underlying the skin.
Where is the origin vs. insertion of the lateral iliotibial muscle?
Origin is ileum of pelvis
Insertion is tibiotarsus of shank
What is the corresponding muscle to the iliotibial muscle in humans?
The gluteus maximus
Where does the iliofibular muscle insert?
The fibula
What does the sling do?
Prevents the iliofibular muscle from bowstringing
What is the corresponding muscle to the iliofibular muscle in humans?
The biceps femoris
What is the corresponding muscle to the sling of the chicken leg in humans?
The short head of the biceps femoris
Where is the lateral knee flexor?
It forms the posterior muscle of the thigh
Where is the gastrocnemius muscle?
Below the knee of the chicken
Where do the medial and lateral knee flexor muscles combine?
In their combined aponeurosis, culminating in a tendon that inserts on the tibiotarsis