Lab 5 Flashcards
What is the nucleolus? What does it do?
The core of a nucleus in a eukaryotic cell. It produces ribosomes
What is the rough ER? What does it do?
Protein synthesis and processing
What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? Animal cells, fungal cells, plant cells, and bacteria fit into which categories?
Eukaryotic cells have a cohesive nucleus, while prokaryotic cells don’t. Prokaryotic cells include bacteria and only other single celled organisms including bacteria, while Eukaryotes include animal, fungal, and plant cells.
what is the central vacuole? What is its function?
A large organelle in plant cells that mostly serves as storage
What is the nuclear envelope? What does it do?
The membrane that surrounds the nucleus. It protects DNA and has a variety of roles for the nucleus
What is the smooth ER? What does it do?
Organelle associated with the nucleus that has a variety of roles including lipid synthesis and hormone synthesis
What is the golgi body? What does it do?
Organelle specific to eukaryotic cells, primarily responsible for protein modification, sorting, and transportation
What is a guard cell? What is a stoma? What do they do?
Specialized plant cells that surround the stomata in leaves. They change shape to modify the stoma, an opening in the outer layer of leaves. These pores allow gas exchange between the leaf and environment
What is an amyloplast? What does it do?
A specialized organelle specific to plant cells, primarily responsible for storage of starch.
What is a chromoplast? What does it do?
A specialized organelle specific to plant cells that produces and stores pigments
What are hyphae? What do they do?
Long, branching structures in fungus, made up of tubular cells. They are important for nutrient absorption, structural support, reproduction, and symbiosis.
