lab 4 digestive

Question 1

what is ingestion?

Answer 1

taking food into the mouth

Question 2

what is propulsion?

Answer 2

moving food through the GI tract

Question 3

what is mechanical digestion?

Answer 3

physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces

Question 4

what is chemical digestion?

Answer 4

breakdown of bonds in food molecule

Question 5

what is secretion?

Answer 5

release of chemicals, enzymes into lumen of GI tract

Question 6

what is absorption?

Answer 6

movement of nutrients across mucose into blood or lymph

Question 7

what is defacation?

Answer 7

elemination of digestive waste through rectum/anus

Question 8

what are three layers in mucosa?

Answer 8

mucosal epithelium
lamina propria
muscularis mucosae

Question 9

what tissue is mucosal epithelium composed of?

Answer 9

stratified squamous or simple columnar

Question 10

what tissue is lamina propria composed of?

Answer 10

areolar ct

Question 11

what tissue is muscularis mucosae composed of?

Answer 11

thin layer of smooth muscle

Question 12

what type of tissue is submucosa?

Answer 12

dense irregular tissue that houses vasculature and nerves

Question 13

two layers of muscularis externa?

Answer 13

thick layers of smooth muscle
inner layer- circular
outer layer- longitudinal

Question 14

two types of movement brought by muscularis externa?

Answer 14

segmental contraction or peristaltic movement

Question 15

what is the serosa or visceral peritoneum composed of?

Answer 15

areolar ct and simple squamous

Question 16

what is greater omentum?

Answer 16

drapes over coils of small intestine

Question 17

what is lesser omentum?

Answer 17

stabilizes postion of stomach

Question 18

what is mesentery proper

Answer 18

binds small intestine to post abdominal wall

Question 19

what is mesocolon?

Answer 19

binds large intestine to post abdominal wall

Question 20

what is falciform ligament?

Answer 20

stablizes position of liver

Question 21

what type of epithelical cells lines mouth and pharynx?

Answer 21

psudeostratified ciliated columnar

Question 22

general function of oral cavity?

Answer 22

food is analyzed and lubricated, process of mechanical and chemical digestion

Question 23

function of tongue?

Answer 23

create food bolus and push to pharynx, cultavating movement of food during mastication and assisting in swallowing

Question 24

what are papillae?

Answer 24

small bumps on the tongue that house the taste buds

Question 25

function of central and lateral incisors?

Answer 25

to cut food

Question 26

function of cupsides (canine)

Answer 26

tearing food and guiding jaw in grinding motion

Question 27

function of 1 and 2 premolars?

Answer 27

assist in activity of canines

Question 28

functions of 1 2 and 3 molars?

Answer 28

grind food into easy to swallow pieces

Question 29

how many teeth does and adult have and a child?

Answer 29

adult- 32
child- 20

Question 30

function of oesophagus?

Answer 30

transport food through to the stomach

Question 31

what cavities does esopahgus pass through?

Answer 31

thoracic and abdominal pelvic

Question 32

what is name of opening in diaphram that esophagus passes on it way to abdominal cavity?

Answer 32

esophageal hiatus

Question 33

what type of epithelial tissues line esiphagus?

Answer 33

stratified squamous non-keritinzed

Question 34

what digestive process occur in the stomach?

Answer 34

chemical digestion churning of the food

Question 35

what type of tissue lines the stomach?

Answer 35

simple columnar

Question 36

what are the three cells located in the gastric glands?

Answer 36

mucus neck cell- secrete mucus
parietal cells- secrete hcl/intrinsic factor
chief cells- secrete pepsinogen activated by pepsin

Question 37

what are three structural adaptions of the small intestine to increase surface area?

Answer 37

plicae circulars
villi
microvilli

Question 38

function of lacteal?

Answer 38

main route for drainage of dietary lipids and lipid soluable nutrients in form of lymph

Question 39

function of crypts or intestinal glands?

Answer 39

secrete digestive enzymes

Question 40

what is dueodenum?

Answer 40

10 inches in length
hepatopancreatic ampulla delievrs bile and pancreatic juice
functions is main site of chemical digestion

Question 41

what is jejunum?

Answer 41

8 feet in length
functions has a large surface area specialized for absoprtion of water and nutrients

Question 42

what is ileum?

Answer 42

12 feet in length
function to secrete digestive enzymes

Question 43

functions of large intestine?

Answer 43

water reabsoprtion
composition/storage of feces
absorption of some vitamins

Question 44

what is movement of fecal matter through large intestine called?

Answer 44

peristalsis

Question 45

intestinal glands with goblet cells produce?

Answer 45

mucus

Question 46

what is internal/external spinchter of rectum made of?

Answer 46

internal- smooth muscle
external- skeletal muscle

Question 47

what is function of levator ani muscle?

Answer 47

supporting/raising pelvic visceral structures

Question 48

exocrine function of pancreas?

Answer 48

secrrete pancreatic juice cells

Question 49

endocrine function of pancreas?

Answer 49

sends out hormones that control the amount of sugar in the bloodstream

Question 50

function of the liver?

Answer 50

metabolic factory- recieves nutrients from digestive system and metabolizes and stores them

Question 51

function of the gallbladder?

Answer 51

stores and concentrates bile