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Biology > Lab 4&5 > Flashcards

Lab 4&5 Flashcards

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1
Q

a purine base found DNA and RNA

A

adenine

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2
Q

a jelly-like slab used to separate molecules on the basis of molecular weight

A

Agarose gel

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3
Q

a three nucleotide sequence in tRNA that is complementary to a codon in mRNA

A

Anticodon

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4
Q

feature of DNA double helix in which nucleotides face “up” on one side of the helix and “down” on the other.

A

Antiparallel

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5
Q

the structure in which tow bases in opposite strands of DNA hydrogen-bond with each other

A

base pair

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6
Q

a component of nucleotides that is a single or double ring of carbon and nitrogen.

A

bases

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7
Q

a sequence of three nucleotides bases that specifies a particular amino acid or a stop codon; codons function during translation.

A

codon

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8
Q

complementary bases pair with each other by hydrogen bonding across the DNA helix; adenine with thymine and cytosine to guanine.

A

Complementary base pair

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9
Q

the genetic material that provides a blueprint for the

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

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10
Q

5 Carbon sugar in DNA

A

Deoxyribose

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11
Q

a technology that identifies particular individuals using properties of their DNA

A

DNA Fingerprinting

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12
Q

the process by which DNA is copied

A

DNA replication

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13
Q

a technique used to separate macromolecules by using an electric field that causes them to pass trough a gel matrix.

A

Gel Electrophoresis

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14
Q

A unit of heredity that contributes to the characteristics/traits of an organism

A

Gene

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15
Q

complete genetic composition of a cell or a species

A

Genome

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16
Q

RNA that contains the information to specify a polypeptide with a particular amino acid sequence.

A

Messenger RNA

17
Q

protein structure that moves chromosomes around during mitosis and meiosis.

A

Microtubule

18
Q

an organic molecule composed of nucleotides. The two types of nucleic acids deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)

A

Nucleic Acids

19
Q

organic molecules having three components: one or more phosphate groups, a five-carbon sugar (either deoxyribose or ribose), and a singe or double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms known as a base.

A

Nucleotides

20
Q

technique used to make many copies of a gene in vitro: primers are used to flank region of DNA to be amplified

A

Polymerase

21
Q

a technique used for replication DNA that can produce millions of copies of a DNA sequence in just a few hours from a small initial amount of DNA

A

Polymerase chain reaction

22
Q

short segments of RNA, typically 10 - 12 nucleotides in length, that are needed to begin DNA replication

A

Primers

23
Q

the site in DNA where transcription begins

A

Promoter

24
Q

two-ring structured base; adenine and guanine.

A

Purine

25
Q

single ring structured base; cytosine, thymine, and uracil

A

Pyrimidine

26
Q

the five-carbon sugar in RNA

A

Ribose

27
Q

a structure composed of proteins and rRNA that provides the site where polypeptide synthesis occurs.

A

Ribosome

28
Q

enzyme that synthesizes mRNA from a DNA template during transcription.

A

RNA Polymerase

29
Q

series of alternation sugars and phosphates along the length of the DNA helix.

A

Sugar Phosphate Backbone

30
Q

The three-dimensional structure of double-stranded DNA, in which polymeric nucleotide strands whose complementary nitrogen bases are linked by hydrogen bonds form a helical configuration.

A

DNA Helix

31
Q

is a thermostable DNA polymerase that is frequently used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

A

TAQ Polymerase

32
Q

a pyrimidine base found in DNA.

A

thymine

33
Q

the use of a gene sequence to make a copy of RNA.

A

Transcription

34
Q

an RNA that carries animo acids and is used to translate mRNA into polypeptides

A

Transfer RNA

35
Q

the process of synthesizing a specific polypeptide on a ribosome.

A

Translation

36
Q

a pyrimidine base found in RNA

A

Uracil

Biology (6 decks)

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