Lab 3 - Cellular Metabolism Flashcards
What are the two things organisms require?
An energy source and a source of carbon.
What are the two ways organisms can get their source of energy from?
Light (photo) and chemical bonds/organic compound (chemo)
What are two ways that organisms get their source of carbon?
From inorganic CO2 (autotrophs)
or organic carbon (heterotroph)
Smh no homotroph. The gays are loosing :(
LMAO CASS
What are the three types of metabolisms?
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
Fermentation
Anaerobic Cellular Respiration
Describe aerobic cellular respiration.
What it requires and what it does.
It requires O2 which it turns into CO2.
It breaks down glucose completely.
What is the chemical formula associated with aerobic cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6H2O + 6CO2
Explain fermentation. (glucose, waste and when does it take place.)
Only during glycolysis (no O2 required). Incomplete breakdown of glucose. The waste products are organic acids.
Describe anaerobid cellular respiration. (What does it do to glucose and what does it require.)
It requires S2 and breaks down glucose completely.
What is the chemical equation associated with anaerobic cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + 3S2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2S
What types of organisms were probably present in the water part of the column? Why?
Photoautotrophs because there is O2 present.
What two types of bacteria were present in the black part of the column?
Clostridium and Desulfovibrio
What kind of metabolism do Clostridium bacteria use to make ATP?
Fermentation
How does the fermentation done by Clostridium bacteria work? (What are the steps)
It takes in the cellulose -> turns it into glucose -> which turns into ATP and organic acids
What happens to the organic acids waste emitted by the Clostridium bacteria?
It becomes the reactants in the chemical reactions done by desulfovibrio and Rhodomicrobium bacteria.
What kind of metabolism is used by the desulfovibrio bacteria to make ATP?
Anaerobic Cellular Respiration
How does the anaerobic cellular respiration done by the desulfovibrio bacteria work (products/reactants)?
Products: Organic acids (from Clostridium) and sulfur
Reactant: ATP and H2S
What kind of bacteria was present in the rust colored section of the column?
Rhodomicrobium
What type of metabolic diversity are the two bacterias in the black portion of the column a part of?
Chemoheterotroph
What type of metabolic diversity are the bacteria in the rust portion of the column a part of?
Photoheterotroph
What kind of bacteria is present in the green portion of the column?
Chlorobium
What kind of bacteria is present in the purple part of the column?
Chromatium
What type of metabolic diversity are the two bacterias in the green and purple portion of the column a part of?
Photoautotrophs
What is the name of the process in which the two bacteria in the green and purple part of the column use to get their ATP?
Photosynthesis
What is special about the photosynthesis done by the two bacteria in the green and purple part of the column?
They use H2S instead of H2O
Complete the sentense:
The lower in the column you go, the (more/less) sulfur there is.
More
Complete the sentense:
The higher in the column you go, the (more/less) oxygen there is.
More
What is the role of the sulfate reducing bacteria in the column?
To create a sulfur gradient which enables anaerobic photosynthesis and to use the organic molecule produced by the Clostridium as carbon source.
Do all types of photosynthesis release oxygen? Why?
No, anaerobic photosynthesis uses H2S and releases S2 instead of O2.
What was the purpose of adding Calcium carbonate in the column?
To yield a source of carbon as CO2.
What was the purpose of adding Calcium sufate in the column?
Provide a source of sulfide
What was the purpose of adding filter paper in the column?
It is a source of carbon in the form of cellulose.
Why was a translucent column used?
To observe the change and so that light can pass through it (for photosynthesis and energy for phototrophs)
Define Niche.
The interrealtionship of a species with biotic and abiotic factors affecting it. A species needs a set of conditions, ressources and interactions.
Define the term ‘ecosystem’.
All the organisms and abiotic factors and landscape they interact with in a geographic area.
Would the column look the same if we used pond or lake water instead?
Yes because we fed for specific kinds of bacteria.
Would the column look the same if they were kept in the dark?
No because the photoautotrophs would not be able to develop without light. The Clostridium and Desulfovibrio would take over the column and eventually compete and eat each other, then die.
What type of metabolism is used by the bacteria in the green and purple part of the column?
Anaerobic cellular respiration
What are the similarities between fermentation and anaerobic cellular respiration?
They occur without the use of oxygen and organic compounds are degraded.
What are the differences between fermentation and anaerobic cellular respiration?
Fermentation does not breakdown the glucose completely unlike anaerobic cellular respiration. Anaerobic cellular respiration requires sulfur and realeases H2S while fermentation releases organic acids.
What are the similarities between plant photosynthesis and bacterial anaerobic photosynthesis?
They create energy from light and use CO2 to produce their cellular material.
What are the differences between plant photosynthesis and bacterial anaerobic photosynthesis?
Plant photosynthesis relies on H2O as a reducer which generates oxygen in the end. Anaerobic photosynthesis relies on H2S as a reducer which releases sulfur as a product.
