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Biology II Labs > Lab 3 - Cellular Metabolism > Flashcards

Lab 3 - Cellular Metabolism Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two things organisms require?

A

An energy source and a source of carbon.

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2
Q

What are the two ways organisms can get their source of energy from?

A

Light (photo) and chemical bonds/organic compound (chemo)

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3
Q

What are two ways that organisms get their source of carbon?

A

From inorganic CO2 (autotrophs)
or organic carbon (heterotroph)

Smh no homotroph. The gays are loosing :(
LMAO CASS

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4
Q

What are the three types of metabolisms?

A

Aerobic Cellular Respiration
Fermentation
Anaerobic Cellular Respiration

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5
Q

Describe aerobic cellular respiration.

What it requires and what it does.

A

It requires O2 which it turns into CO2.
It breaks down glucose completely.

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6
Q

What is the chemical formula associated with aerobic cellular respiration?

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6H2O + 6CO2

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7
Q

Explain fermentation. (glucose, waste and when does it take place.)

A

Only during glycolysis (no O2 required). Incomplete breakdown of glucose. The waste products are organic acids.

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8
Q

Describe anaerobid cellular respiration. (What does it do to glucose and what does it require.)

A

It requires S2 and breaks down glucose completely.

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9
Q

What is the chemical equation associated with anaerobic cellular respiration?

A

C6H12O6 + 3S2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2S

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10
Q

What types of organisms were probably present in the water part of the column? Why?

A

Photoautotrophs because there is O2 present.

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11
Q

What two types of bacteria were present in the black part of the column?

A

Clostridium and Desulfovibrio

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12
Q

What kind of metabolism do Clostridium bacteria use to make ATP?

A

Fermentation

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13
Q

How does the fermentation done by Clostridium bacteria work? (What are the steps)

A

It takes in the cellulose -> turns it into glucose -> which turns into ATP and organic acids

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14
Q

What happens to the organic acids waste emitted by the Clostridium bacteria?

A

It becomes the reactants in the chemical reactions done by desulfovibrio and Rhodomicrobium bacteria.

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15
Q

What kind of metabolism is used by the desulfovibrio bacteria to make ATP?

A

Anaerobic Cellular Respiration

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16
Q

How does the anaerobic cellular respiration done by the desulfovibrio bacteria work (products/reactants)?

A

Products: Organic acids (from Clostridium) and sulfur
Reactant: ATP and H2S

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17
Q

What kind of bacteria was present in the rust colored section of the column?

A

Rhodomicrobium

18
Q

What type of metabolic diversity are the two bacterias in the black portion of the column a part of?

A

Chemoheterotroph

19
Q

What type of metabolic diversity are the bacteria in the rust portion of the column a part of?

A

Photoheterotroph

20
Q

What kind of bacteria is present in the green portion of the column?

A

Chlorobium

21
Q

What kind of bacteria is present in the purple part of the column?

A

Chromatium

22
Q

What type of metabolic diversity are the two bacterias in the green and purple portion of the column a part of?

A

Photoautotrophs

23
Q

What is the name of the process in which the two bacteria in the green and purple part of the column use to get their ATP?

A

Photosynthesis

24
Q

What is special about the photosynthesis done by the two bacteria in the green and purple part of the column?

A

They use H2S instead of H2O

25
Q

Complete the sentense:
The lower in the column you go, the (more/less) sulfur there is.

A

More

26
Q

Complete the sentense:
The higher in the column you go, the (more/less) oxygen there is.

A

More

27
Q

What is the role of the sulfate reducing bacteria in the column?

A

To create a sulfur gradient which enables anaerobic photosynthesis and to use the organic molecule produced by the Clostridium as carbon source.

28
Q

Do all types of photosynthesis release oxygen? Why?

A

No, anaerobic photosynthesis uses H2S and releases S2 instead of O2.

29
Q

What was the purpose of adding Calcium carbonate in the column?

A

To yield a source of carbon as CO2.

30
Q

What was the purpose of adding Calcium sufate in the column?

A

Provide a source of sulfide

31
Q

What was the purpose of adding filter paper in the column?

A

It is a source of carbon in the form of cellulose.

32
Q

Why was a translucent column used?

A

To observe the change and so that light can pass through it (for photosynthesis and energy for phototrophs)

33
Q

Define Niche.

A

The interrealtionship of a species with biotic and abiotic factors affecting it. A species needs a set of conditions, ressources and interactions.

34
Q

Define the term ‘ecosystem’.

A

All the organisms and abiotic factors and landscape they interact with in a geographic area.

35
Q

Would the column look the same if we used pond or lake water instead?

A

Yes because we fed for specific kinds of bacteria.

36
Q

Would the column look the same if they were kept in the dark?

A

No because the photoautotrophs would not be able to develop without light. The Clostridium and Desulfovibrio would take over the column and eventually compete and eat each other, then die.

37
Q

What type of metabolism is used by the bacteria in the green and purple part of the column?

A

Anaerobic cellular respiration

38
Q

What are the similarities between fermentation and anaerobic cellular respiration?

A

They occur without the use of oxygen and organic compounds are degraded.

39
Q

What are the differences between fermentation and anaerobic cellular respiration?

A

Fermentation does not breakdown the glucose completely unlike anaerobic cellular respiration. Anaerobic cellular respiration requires sulfur and realeases H2S while fermentation releases organic acids.

40
Q

What are the similarities between plant photosynthesis and bacterial anaerobic photosynthesis?

A

They create energy from light and use CO2 to produce their cellular material.

41
Q

What are the differences between plant photosynthesis and bacterial anaerobic photosynthesis?

A

Plant photosynthesis relies on H2O as a reducer which generates oxygen in the end. Anaerobic photosynthesis relies on H2S as a reducer which releases sulfur as a product.

Biology II Labs (7 decks)

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