Lab 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Gymnosperm leaf types

A

Linear needles, flattened needles, fascicle, awls, scales

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2
Q

Fascicled needles

A

groups of 2,3, or 5 needles surrounded at base by a non photosynthetuc dermal tissue
Pine

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3
Q

Awls

A

triangular shaped
junipers

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4
Q

overlapping scales

A

flattened scales,
other junipers, cypress, arborvitae

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5
Q

vascular bundles in pine needle

A

center of needle one large or a pair of smaller adjacent vascular bundles

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6
Q

where is the phloem located?

A

phloem located towards the semi circular edge

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7
Q

what surrounds the xylem and phloem
what do they make up? pine needle

A

parenchyma cells and modified tracheids
transfusion tissue

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8
Q

where is xylem located pine needle

A

xylem towards flattened edge

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9
Q
A
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10
Q

function of transfusion tissue in pine needle

A

conduct water and sugar between mesophyll and vascular tissues

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11
Q

where is the bundle sheath in pine needle?

A

distinct layer resembling the endodermis of roots located between transfusion tissue and photosynthesizing mesophyll cell

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12
Q

bundle sheath function

A

control the transport of water and sugars between mesophyll and vascular tissue

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13
Q

Pillowy mesophyll function

A

ground tissue with photosynthetic parenchyma cells air spaces between cells allow for gas exchange during photosynthesis

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14
Q

pillowy mesophyll location

A

between endodermis and epidermis

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15
Q

resin ducts

A

structures located in mesophyll tissue, hollow and allow passage of pine sap

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16
Q

what are resin ducts surrounded by?

A

parenchyma cells

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17
Q

what is a cuticle used for in pine and spruce needles

A

water retention

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18
Q

most monocot leaves have

A

parallel veins

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19
Q

function of intercalary meristem monocot leaf

A

leaf growth at base of leaf blade

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20
Q

what happens at early versus late stage leaf blade development

A

early stage–>folded or rolled into tube
later stage–> separates into tube loke sheath and upper flattened or keeled blade

21
Q

projections on the surface of leaves

A

trichomes(leaf hairs)

22
Q

monocot Glabrous leavse

A

glossy and smooth
lack trochomes

23
Q

monocot pubescent leaves

A

have trichomes and feel fuzzy

24
Q

monocot scabrous leaves

A

sharpened scales that feel rough

25
whih\ch photosynthesis pathway is advantageous in dry hot or CO2 limited environments
C4
26
what are the largest and more distinct cells in Zea cross sections monocot
bundle sheath parenchyma
27
is there chloroplasts in bundle sheath cells
densly packed with chloroplasts bc hella carbon fixation in C4 plants
28
what is found in each bundle Monocot
large xylem vessel elements and tracheids. ploem sieve tube and sclerenchyma fibers
29
what is stomata surrounded by?
guard cells
30
upper dermal later water filled cells are called what do they do
bulliform, roll and unroll the leaves
31
Dicot vs monocot leaf veins
monocots have parallel veins dicots have netted veins
32
main veins start at a point clsoe to the petiole
Palmate venation dicot
33
smaller veins come off main vein opposite or nearly opposite each other
pinnate venation dicot
34
dicot leaves have one or several enlarged
midribs
35
what is the dicot leaf design
blade with petiole that connects blade to stem, stipule
36
stipule
smaller leaflike projection below where petiole attaches
37
when does a leaf scar appear?
stipule scar remains if pulled apart or when leaves fall
38
what is it called when petiole short or absent
sessile or clasping
39
clasping vs sessile
clasping kinda wrapped around typa shit sessile just chillin on da side
40
petiolate
have petiole present
41
what is compound leaf
when leaves have long modified petioles that subdivide and form leaflets connected to central axis or rachis
42
compound leafs can either be
palmate or pinnate' pinnate is when leaflets arranged along the rachis palmate have leaflets arising from tip of petiole->LIke a palm
43
where is the cuticle found in dicot leaf
upper epidermis
44
what may or may not be present on dicot leaf
trichomes1
45
what is under upper epidermis layer in docot leaf?
palisade layer
46
what is beneath the palisade layer in dicot leaf?
spongy mesophyll
47
how are the vascular tissues arranged in dicot leaf
in bundles throughout spongy meso-phyll and midvein in the midrib
48
anatomy of midvein
xylem near upper leaf surface phloem near lower leaf surface layers of collenchyma for support
49
Phenology
timing of biological events in relation to annual cycle of environmental events