Lab 2 Flashcards
woody tissues are
secondary growth
woody tissues arise from
lateral meristems
What is a tree
woody shoots greater than 10cm diameter and 1.3m above ground
What is an example of asexual reproduction in trees?
Root suckers, layering
root suckers
new shoots that arise from the roots of existing trees
Layering
Snow laden branches contact the ground, develops adventitious roots producing new saplings
Terminal bud scar indicates the
-past position of the terminal bud.
what is the distance between the current terminal bud and closest bud scale scar?
current years longitudal growth
Fascicular cambium produces
secondary growth–> secondary xylem and secondary phloem within vascular bundles
interfascicular cambiu produces
secondary growth–> forms from parenchyma cells located between vascular bundles
what happens during lateral growth
-vascular bundle increases in size
-bundles are no longer visible
-vascular cambium
What happens when bundles are no longer visible?
cambium called vascular cambium
in lateral growth, what happens to Older sieve tubes
they get crushed, sieve transport in youngest phloem cells
what is secondary xylem
wood
cork cambium+ cork+ phelloderm =
periderm
Spring - early wood
-moisture and increase temperature
-rapid cell division
larger thin walled xylem
coppiced arrangement
several stems arising from single root crown
flaring buttresses
provide support to western red cedar
individuals less than 5-10m
sapling
what is the origianl tree when cloning
ortet
what are the new suckers called
ramet
members of clone are
genets
what do tree rings indicate?
changes in cambial activity
when is early wood produced
in spring because of high moisture and temperatures
when is late wood produced
in summer because of decreasing temperatures and lower moisture
what is early wood
thinner walled xylem called early wood
what is late wood
thicker walled xylem
Ring porous species
oak ash, early wood xylem are larger than late wood, susceptible to freezing
Diffuse porous species
vessels in the early wood slightly larger than those in late wood, more resistant to freezing
dendroecology
STUDY OF TREE RINGS
what do gymnosperm stems have that dicots do not?
resin ducts, absence of vessels and fibers
tracheids
short length, bordered pit pairs, xylem element
bordered pits in gymnosperms
facilitate water flow, the bordered pits in gymnosperms are highly efficient
