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KIN 132 > Lab 3 > Flashcards

Lab 3 Flashcards

1
Q

The right atrium receives blood from…

A

Atria – receiving chambers.
Right atrium – receives blood from systemic circulation.

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2
Q

The left atrium receives blood from…

A

Left atrium – receives blood from pulmonary circulation.

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3
Q

The right ventricle discharges blood into…

A

Ventricles – discharging chambers.
Right ventricle – sends blood out into pulmonary circulation.

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4
Q

The left ventricle discharges blood into…

A

Left ventricle – sends blood out into systemic circulation.

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5
Q

What is the pathway of the delivery system of blood?

A

Arterial system (away from heart)
Delivery system – supplies oxygenated blood (pulmonary exception).
Aorta – artery – arteriole: blood flowing away from heart towards capillary bed.

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6
Q

What is the pathway of the discharging system of blood?

A

Venous system (towards heart)
Removal system – drains deoxygenated blood (pulmonary exception).
Venule – vein – vena cava blood flowing away from capillary bed towards heart.

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7
Q

What does microcirculation refer to?

A

Capillary bed
Exchange area.
Microcirculation: arteriole – capillary bed – venule.

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8
Q

What is lumen?

A

Space where blood is flowing

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9
Q

What is endothelium?

A

Inner layer; directly in contact with blood

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10
Q

What is the basement membrane?

A

Support for endothelium

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11
Q

What is the elastic connective tissue?

A

Allow stretch for incoming blood; return to original shape after

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12
Q

What is smooth muscle?

A

Regulates the inner vessel lumen radius

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13
Q

What is fibrous connective tissue?

A

Tensile strength to handle pressire

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14
Q

What are the layers of an elastic artery?

A
  • Fibrous CN
  • Elastic CN
  • Smooth muscle
  • Elastic CN
  • Basement membrane
  • Edothelium
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15
Q

What are the layers of a muscular artery?

A
  • Fibrous CN
  • Smooth muscle
  • Elastic CN
  • Basement membrane
  • Edothelium
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16
Q

What are the layers of an arteriole?

A
  • Fibrous CN
  • Smooth muscle
  • Basement membrane
  • Edothelium
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17
Q

What are the layers of a capillary?

A
  • Basement membrane
  • Endothelium
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18
Q

What are the layers of a venule?

A
  • Fibrous CN
  • Smooth muscle
  • Basement membrane
  • Endothelium
19
Q

What are the layers of a medium-sized vein?

A
  • Fibrous CN
  • Smooth muscle
  • Elastic CN
  • Basement membrane
  • Endothelium
20
Q

What are the layers of a large vein?

A
  • Fibrous CN
  • Smooth muscle
  • Elastic CN
  • Basement membrane
  • Endothelium
21
Q

What is the main difference between an elastic and a muscular artery?

A

An elastic artery has more elastic connective tissue; whereas, a muscular artery has more smooth muscle tissue

22
Q

What are the main differences between arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins?

A

Artery: large elastic connective tissue and smooth muscle layers
Arteriole: similar structures to muscular arteries just thinner layers.
Capillary: no elastic and fibrous connective tissue layers or smooth muscle layer.
Venule and vein: thin layers elastic and fibrous connective tissues and smooth muscle.

23
Q

Coronary arteries arise from…

A

The ascending aorta

24
Q

What is the branching coronary pathway?

A

Coronary circulation is part of larger systemic circulation.
Right and left coronary arteries come off ascending aorta on surface of heart and supply the heart itself

1)Right coronary artery supplying right side of heart; left coronary artery supplying left side of heart
2) Coronary arteries will lead to coronary arterioles
3) Coronary capillaries (exchange area)
4) Coronary capillaries lead to coronary venules
5) Coronary veins to coronary sinus.

–>Coronary sinus if formed when several coronary veins come together.

–>Coronary sinus enters right atrium to return blood to heart.

25
Q

What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch?

A

Upper systemic circulation (subclavian and common carotid)
Brachiocephalic trunk (right common carotid and right subclavian)
Left common carotid
Left subclavian

26
Q

The subclavian artery mainly supplies…

A

Blood to the shoulder and upper limb

27
Q

The common carotid artery mainly supplies…

A

Blood to the neck and head

28
Q

The common carotid artery divides into…

A

Internal and external carotid at the carotid sinus

29
Q

The internal carotid mainly supplies…

A

The brain

30
Q

he external carotid mainly supplies…

A

Face and scalp

31
Q

Is there a common jugular vein where the external and internal jugular veins drain deoxygenated blood?

A

No, there is no common jugular vein. The external and internal jugular veins attach directly to the subclavian vein

32
Q

What composes the upper systemic circulation on the venous side?

A

External jugular vein, internal jugular vein, and subclavian vein

33
Q

The external jugular vein mainly drains blood from…

A

Face and scalp

34
Q

The internal jugular vein mainly drains blood from…

A

The brain

35
Q

The subclavian vein mainly drains blood from…

A

Shoulder and upper limb

36
Q

When left jugular vein and subclavian vein join, form…

A

Brachiocephalic vein

37
Q

Left and right brachiocephalic veins join and form…

A

Superior vena cava

38
Q

Which subclavian vein is larger and why?

A

Left brachiocephalic vein is longer than right due to position of heart

39
Q

What are the 3 pathways through which systemic circulation can re-enter the right atrium?

A

1) Coronary sinus / mainly drains blood from heart.
2) Superior vena cava / mainly drains blood from upper systemic circulation.
3) Inferior vena cava / mainly drains blood from lower systemic circulation (portions of torso, hip, and lower limb).

40
Q

Blood enters the capillary bed through…

A

Enter capillary bed (exchange area) from arteriole (smooth muscle layer wrapped around arteriole)

41
Q

A capillary bed is made up of…

A

A “capillary bed” is made up of individual capillaries

42
Q

What is a metarteriole?

A

Metarteriole – direct blood flow path through capillary bed.

43
Q

What are the precapillary sphincters? How do these regulate blood flow?

A

Precapillary sphincters – valves controlling access to capillaries past sphincter (sphincter open blood can flow into area past sphincter; sphincter closed blood flow cannot enter area past sphincter).

44
Q

Blood comes out the capillary bed through…

A

Come out of capillary bed into venule

KIN 132 (6 decks)

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