Lab 3 Flashcards
The right atrium receives blood from…
Atria – receiving chambers.
Right atrium – receives blood from systemic circulation.
The left atrium receives blood from…
Left atrium – receives blood from pulmonary circulation.
The right ventricle discharges blood into…
Ventricles – discharging chambers.
Right ventricle – sends blood out into pulmonary circulation.
The left ventricle discharges blood into…
Left ventricle – sends blood out into systemic circulation.
What is the pathway of the delivery system of blood?
Arterial system (away from heart)
Delivery system – supplies oxygenated blood (pulmonary exception).
Aorta – artery – arteriole: blood flowing away from heart towards capillary bed.
What is the pathway of the discharging system of blood?
Venous system (towards heart)
Removal system – drains deoxygenated blood (pulmonary exception).
Venule – vein – vena cava blood flowing away from capillary bed towards heart.
What does microcirculation refer to?
Capillary bed
Exchange area.
Microcirculation: arteriole – capillary bed – venule.
What is lumen?
Space where blood is flowing
What is endothelium?
Inner layer; directly in contact with blood
What is the basement membrane?
Support for endothelium
What is the elastic connective tissue?
Allow stretch for incoming blood; return to original shape after
What is smooth muscle?
Regulates the inner vessel lumen radius
What is fibrous connective tissue?
Tensile strength to handle pressire
What are the layers of an elastic artery?
- Fibrous CN
- Elastic CN
- Smooth muscle
- Elastic CN
- Basement membrane
- Edothelium
What are the layers of a muscular artery?
- Fibrous CN
- Smooth muscle
- Elastic CN
- Basement membrane
- Edothelium
What are the layers of an arteriole?
- Fibrous CN
- Smooth muscle
- Basement membrane
- Edothelium
What are the layers of a capillary?
- Basement membrane
- Endothelium
What are the layers of a venule?
- Fibrous CN
- Smooth muscle
- Basement membrane
- Endothelium
What are the layers of a medium-sized vein?
- Fibrous CN
- Smooth muscle
- Elastic CN
- Basement membrane
- Endothelium
What are the layers of a large vein?
- Fibrous CN
- Smooth muscle
- Elastic CN
- Basement membrane
- Endothelium
What is the main difference between an elastic and a muscular artery?
An elastic artery has more elastic connective tissue; whereas, a muscular artery has more smooth muscle tissue
What are the main differences between arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins?
Artery: large elastic connective tissue and smooth muscle layers
Arteriole: similar structures to muscular arteries just thinner layers.
Capillary: no elastic and fibrous connective tissue layers or smooth muscle layer.
Venule and vein: thin layers elastic and fibrous connective tissues and smooth muscle.
Coronary arteries arise from…
The ascending aorta
What is the branching coronary pathway?
Coronary circulation is part of larger systemic circulation.
Right and left coronary arteries come off ascending aorta on surface of heart and supply the heart itself
1)Right coronary artery supplying right side of heart; left coronary artery supplying left side of heart
2) Coronary arteries will lead to coronary arterioles
3) Coronary capillaries (exchange area)
4) Coronary capillaries lead to coronary venules
5) Coronary veins to coronary sinus.
–>Coronary sinus if formed when several coronary veins come together.
–>Coronary sinus enters right atrium to return blood to heart.
What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch?
Upper systemic circulation (subclavian and common carotid)
Brachiocephalic trunk (right common carotid and right subclavian)
Left common carotid
Left subclavian
The subclavian artery mainly supplies…
Blood to the shoulder and upper limb
The common carotid artery mainly supplies…
Blood to the neck and head
The common carotid artery divides into…
Internal and external carotid at the carotid sinus
The internal carotid mainly supplies…
The brain
he external carotid mainly supplies…
Face and scalp
Is there a common jugular vein where the external and internal jugular veins drain deoxygenated blood?
No, there is no common jugular vein. The external and internal jugular veins attach directly to the subclavian vein
What composes the upper systemic circulation on the venous side?
External jugular vein, internal jugular vein, and subclavian vein
The external jugular vein mainly drains blood from…
Face and scalp
The internal jugular vein mainly drains blood from…
The brain
The subclavian vein mainly drains blood from…
Shoulder and upper limb
When left jugular vein and subclavian vein join, form…
Brachiocephalic vein
Left and right brachiocephalic veins join and form…
Superior vena cava
Which subclavian vein is larger and why?
Left brachiocephalic vein is longer than right due to position of heart
What are the 3 pathways through which systemic circulation can re-enter the right atrium?
1) Coronary sinus / mainly drains blood from heart.
2) Superior vena cava / mainly drains blood from upper systemic circulation.
3) Inferior vena cava / mainly drains blood from lower systemic circulation (portions of torso, hip, and lower limb).
Blood enters the capillary bed through…
Enter capillary bed (exchange area) from arteriole (smooth muscle layer wrapped around arteriole)
A capillary bed is made up of…
A “capillary bed” is made up of individual capillaries
What is a metarteriole?
Metarteriole – direct blood flow path through capillary bed.
What are the precapillary sphincters? How do these regulate blood flow?
Precapillary sphincters – valves controlling access to capillaries past sphincter (sphincter open blood can flow into area past sphincter; sphincter closed blood flow cannot enter area past sphincter).
Blood comes out the capillary bed through…
Come out of capillary bed into venule
