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Fundamentals of Nursing 1 > Lab 2 exam > Flashcards

Lab 2 exam Flashcards

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2
Q

Breath sounds that are not normal

A

Adventitious sounds

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3
Q

Visible and palpable angulation between the sternum and manubrium

A

Angle of Louis

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4
Q

a small outpouching along the walls of the alveolar sacs through which gas exchange between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood takes place

A

Alveoli

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5
Q

Main trunk of systemic arterial circulation

A

Aorta

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6
Q

a lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat

A

Anorexia

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7
Q

a thin-walled branch of a bronchus

A

Bronchiole

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8
Q

either of the two primary divisions of the trachea that lead respectively into the right and the left lung

A

Bronchi

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9
Q

the third and lowest segment of the human sternum

A

Xiphoid Process

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10
Q

an anterior ear-shaped pouch in each atrium of the human heart

A

auricles

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11
Q

a chamber of the heart which receives blood from a corresponding atrium and from which blood is forced into the arteries

A

ventricles

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12
Q

difficult or labored respiration

A

dyspnea

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13
Q

saliva mixed with mucus or pus, expectorated from the lungs and respiratory passages

A

sputum

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14
Q

The interval between each rib

A

intercostal space

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15
Q

The angle between the upper part of the sternum and the body of the sternum

A

sternal angle

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16
Q

an unusually or abnormally rapid or violent beating of the heart

A

palpitation

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17
Q

The part of the body comprising the epigastrium and anterior surface of the lower thorax

A

precordium

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18
Q

the pouch that marks the beginning of the large intestine

A

cecum

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19
Q

an opening or foramen, especially in a bone or bony structure, as the opening of the ear or nose

A

meatus

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20
Q

pertaining to the epigastrium

A

epigastric

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21
Q

of, pertaining to, or situated in the hypogastrium

A

hypogastric

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22
Q

pertaining to a location above the symphysis pubis

A

suprapubic

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23
Q

Enlargement of the left ventricle often linked to the prolonged hemodynamic stress of CHF

A

left ventricular hypertrophy

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24
Q

Difficulty in swallowing or inability to swallow

A

dysphagia

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25
Q

bowel movements occur less often than usual or consist of hard, dry stools

A

constipation

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26
Q

inability to control excretory functions

A

incontinence

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27
Q

A tumor with a small flap that attaches itself to the wall of various vascular organs such as the nose, uterus and rectum. They bleed easily, and if they are suspected to be cancerous they should be surgically removed.

A

polyps

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28
Q

The soft internal organs of the body, especially those contained within the abdominal and thoracic cavities; The intestines

A

viscera

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29
Q

Shaped like a boat; hollow

A

scaphoid

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30
Q

Difficult or painful urination

A

dysuria

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31
Q

respiratory rate less than 11 breaths per minute ; rate and depth is smooth and even

A

bradypnea

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32
Q

respiratory rate greater than 20 breaths per minute ; rate and depth are smooth and even ; can be caused by fever, fear or activity

A

tachypnea

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33
Q

hyperventilation ; very deep and laborious breathing

A

kussmauls

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34
Q

Inspiration is equal to expiration(1-1) ; moderate pitch/ medium noise; normal location is located 1st & 2nd intercostal spaces at sternal border (anteriorly); T4 medial to the scapula (posteriorly) ; abnormal location is in the peripheral lung fields

A

bronchovesicular breath sounds

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35
Q

Inspiration is shorter than expiration(1-2) ; high pitch/ loud noise ; normal location is over trachea ; abnormal location is in peripheral lung fields

A

Bronchial breath sounds

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36
Q

Inspiration is longer than expiration (2.5-1) ; low pitch/soft noise ; normal location is in the peripheral lung fields

A

vesicular breath sounds

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37
Q

Ribs should slope down at 45 degrees ; anteroposterior diameter is about 1/2 of lateral diameter; thorax should be symmetric ; muscle development equal ; costal angle should be less than 90 degrees

A

normal shape of a chest

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38
Q

crackling and popping noises heard in inspiration ; not cleared by cough ; heard in pneumonia, heart failure, asthma, and restrictive pulmonary diseases

A

crackles or rales

39
Q

intervals of apnea interspersed with a deep and rapid breathing pattern

A

cheyne stokes breathing

40
Q

horizontal ribs ; increased anteroposterior diameter ; costal angle greater than 90 degrees

A

barrel chest

41
Q

low pitched, coarse, loud, snoring or moaning tone ; heard primarily during expiration but may also be heard during inspiration ; coughing may clear ; heard in disorders causing obstruction of the trachea or bronchus

A

rhonchi

42
Q

superficial, low pitched, coarse rubbing or grating sound ; heard throughout ; not cleared by cough ; heard in individuals with pleurisy

A

pleural friction rub

43
Q

fainting spells

A

syncope

44
Q

leaning forward with arms braced against knees, chair, or bed ; suggests respiratory distress

A

tripod position

45
Q

0= absent
1= diminished
2=normal
3+=bounding

A

pulse amplitude ratings

46
Q

< 3 seconds

A

brisk capillary refill

47
Q

> 3 seconds

A

slow capillary refill

48
Q

60 - 100 beats per minute

A

expected findings when checking pulses

49
Q

<60bpm

A

bradycardia

50
Q

> 100bpm

A

tachycardia

51
Q

equal spacing between heart beats

A

regular rhythm

52
Q

easily palpable, smooth upstroke ; how easily the pulse is palpated

A

amplitude

53
Q

1+ = barely perceptible pit
2+=deeper pit, rebounds in a few seconds
3+= deep pit, rebounds in 10-20 second
4+= deeper pit, rebounds in >30 seconds

A

pitting edema scale

54
Q

palpating in lower third of neck for pulse

A

carotid pulse

55
Q

palpating in antecubital fossa for pulse

A

brachial pulse

56
Q

palpating on thumb side of forearm at the wrist for pulse

A

radial pulse

57
Q

palpating below inguinal ligament between symphis pubis and anterior iliac crest for pulse

A

femoral pulse

58
Q

palpating behind the knee for pulse

A

popliteal pulse

59
Q

palpating inner aspect of the ankle for pulse

A

posterior tibialis pulse

60
Q

palpating on top of foot between first and second toes for pulse

A

pedal pulse

61
Q

___________ before palpating and percussing the abdomen so that bowel sounds or pain is not altered

A

auscultate

62
Q

use the _______ of the stethoscope when auscultating bowel sounds

A

diaphragm

63
Q

bulges during coughing indicate an abdominal ______

A

hernia

64
Q

palpate the abdomen deeply for tenderness, masses and _____ pulsation

A

aortic

65
Q

palpation 4-6cm into abdomen

A

deep palpation

66
Q

borborygmi, frequent, hyperactive, loud

A

types of bowel sounds

67
Q

gas expelled rectally

A

flatus

68
Q

decrease in amount/frequency of stool

A

constipation

69
Q

irregular heart beat

A

dysrhythmia

70
Q

sustained swishing or blowing sounds heard at the beginning or the middle or end of the systolic or diastolic phase

A

murmur

71
Q

increase in frequency/ watering stool

A

diarrhea

72
Q

nonvisible blood in the stool

A

occult blood

73
Q

bloody stool/ black tarry stool

A

melena

74
Q

indicates a lack of peristalsis

A

absent bowel sounds/ hypoactive

75
Q

loud growling sounds which indicate increase GI motility . inflammation of the bowel diarrhea bleeding can all cause this

A

hyperactive sounds/ borborydmi

76
Q

soft gurgling or clicking sounds that occurs regularly

A

Normal bowel sounds

77
Q

Loud audible bowel sounds

A

borborygmi

78
Q

High pitch, Rate: 5-30

A

Normal bowel sounds

79
Q

Soft pitch, Irregular rate Less than 5, Extended periods of time

A

Hypo active bowel sounds

80
Q

high pitched musical sounds similar to a squeak ; heard more commonly during expiration, but may be heard in inspiration ; occurs in small airways such as asthma

A

wheezing

81
Q

High Pitch, Greater than 30, Stethoscope not necessary

A

Hyperactive bowel sounds

82
Q

Stool colors and significance

A

bright red, tarry black, light tan or gray, pale yellow

83
Q

hemorrhoidal or lower rectal bleeding

A

Bright Red

84
Q

upper intestinal tract bleeding or excessive iron or bismuth ingestion

A

Tarry Black

85
Q

Obstructions of the biliary tract (obstructive jaundice)

A

Light Tan or Gray

86
Q

Malabsorption Syndrome

A

Pale Yellow

87
Q

No sounds heard when listened in all four quadrants and for 5 min

A

Absent bowel sounds

88
Q

Striae

A

Stretch marks

89
Q

Is a protrusion of abdominal organs through the muscle wall

A

Hernia

90
Q

Swelling by intestinal gas, tumor,or fluid in the abdominal cavity

A

Distention

91
Q

Movement of contents through the intestines , which is a normal function of the large and small intestines

A

Peristalsis

92
Q

The pain a patient may experience when the nurse quickly lifts his or her hand away after pressing it deeply into the involved area

A

Rebound tenderness

93
Q

Localized dilations of a vessel wall

A

Aneurysm

Fundamentals of Nursing 1 (9 decks)

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