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Anatomy > Lab 17- Blood Histology; Heart > Flashcards

Lab 17- Blood Histology; Heart Flashcards

0
Q

What is an erythrocyte?

A

Red blood cell

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1
Q

What cell gives rise to platelets?

A

Megakaryocyte

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2
Q

Why is an erythrocyte considered a formed element and not a cell?

A

No nucleus & lacks most organelles

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3
Q

What is the name of the protein found in RBCs?

A

Hemoglobin

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4
Q

What is the function of the protein hemoglobin?

A

Carry oxygen

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5
Q

What are leukocytes

A

White blood cells

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6
Q

Two major types of leukocytes and their sub-groups.

A
  1. Agranulocytes
    a. Lymphocytes
    b. Monocytes
  2. Granulocytes
    a. Basophil
    b. Eosinophil
    c. Neutrophil
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7
Q

Two broad categories of lymphocytes?

A

T&B

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8
Q

What do monocytes become as they migrate into tissues?

A

Macrophages

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9
Q

What is the function of basophil?

A

Release heparin & histamine

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10
Q

What is the function of eosinophil?

A

End allergic reactions & parasitic infections; anti-inflammatory

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11
Q

What is the function of neutrophil?

A

First leukocytes at a site of infection; phagocytize bacteria.

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12
Q

What type of tissue makes up myocardium?

A

Cardiac muscle

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13
Q

What is the function of the intercalated disc?

A

Spread force & electrical signals equally throughout the heart.

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14
Q

Another name for epicardium

A

Visceral pericardium

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15
Q

What type of muscle is myocardium?

A

Cardiac muscle

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16
Q

What type of epithelium is endocardium?

A

Simple squamous

*not serous membrane

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17
Q
  • Superior vena cava contains high or low oxygen?
  • What region of the body is this blood coming from?
  • Into what chamber does this blood drain?
A
  • Low.
  • Head, Neck, Upper Extremities.
  • Right atrium
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18
Q
  • Inferior vena cava contains high or low oxygen?
  • What regions of the body is this blood coming from?
  • Into what chamber does this blood drain?
A
  • Low
  • Abdomen, lower limbs
  • Right atrium
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19
Q

Is the blood in the chambers high or low in oxygen?

A

Low

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20
Q

Name the 4 chamber of the heart.

A

Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle.

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21
Q

What 5 structures does the right atrium contain?

A
  • Right auricle
  • Opening to coronary sinus
  • Fossa ovalis
  • Pectinate muscle
  • Right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve.
22
Q

Where is the blood in the opening to coronary sinus coming from?

A

Draining from the heart itself

23
Q

What fetal structure does the fossa ovalis represent?

What was the function of this fetal structure?

A
  • Foramen Ovale

* Shunt blood from right to left side of the heart (by passing the lungs)

24
Q

How many cusps are there in the right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve?

A

Three

25
Q

What is the right auricle

A

“Flap” on the outside of the heart

26
Q

What 6 structures are found in the right ventricle?

A
  • Papillary muscle
  • Trabeculae carnea
  • Chordae Tendinae
  • Interventricular septum
  • Pulmonary trunk & pulmonary arteries
  • Pulmonary semilunar valve
27
Q

Define papillary muscle.

A

Muscles that tense the chordae tendineae and keep valves from everting.

28
Q

Define Trabeculae carnea

A

Similar to pectinate muscles in the atrium, but found in the ventricles.

29
Q

To what two structures do the chordae tendineae attach?

A

Attaching the valve cusps to the papillary muscles.

30
Q

What 2 chambers does the Interventricular septum separate?

A

Right & Left Ventricle

31
Q

High or low oxygen in the pulmonary trunk and arteries?

A

Low

32
Q

Blood from the pulmonary trunk/Arteries go where?

A

To the lungs

33
Q
  • Does the pulmonary semilunar valve have chordae tendineae/ papillary muscles?
  • How many cusps are there?
  • What is the function of these valves?
A
  • No
  • Three
  • Prevent back flow of blood into right ventricle during ventricular diastole
34
Q

What vessels drain into the left atrium?

A

Pulmonary Veins

35
Q

What organ(s) did the pulmonary veins come from? High or low in oxygen?

A
  • The lungs

* High

36
Q

Left/Right Auricle?

A

Flaps on right/left side outside of heart

37
Q

Three names for bicuspid valves? How many cusps?

A
  • Left atrioventricular valve, mitral valve, and bicuspid valve.
  • 2
38
Q

What happens in mitral valve prolapse?

A

Blood flows backward into the left atrium during ventricular systole.

39
Q

To what organs/regions in the body is the blood from the ascending aorta going?

A

All organ systems in the body.

40
Q

Does the aortic semilunar valve have chordae tendineae and papillary muscles?
What is the function of this valve?

A
  • No

* prevent backflow of blood into left ventricle during ventricular diastole.

41
Q

Name the two blood vessels that come off of the ascending aorta just above the right and left cusps of the article seminar valve.

A

Right & Left Coronary Arteries

42
Q

FIBROUS PERICARDIUM
•What type of tissue makes up this layer?
•What is the function of this layer?
•When picking up the pericardial sac is this on the outside (facing thoracic cavity) or on the inside (facing the heart)?

A
  • Dense irregular connective tissue
  • Attaches heart to diaphragm & great vessels
  • Outside facing the thoracic cavity
43
Q

PARIETAL PERICARDIUM
•What type of tissue makes up this layer?
•When picking up the pericardial sac is this on the outside (facing thoracic cavity) or on the inside (facing the heart)?

A
  • Serous Membrane

* On the inside facing the heart

44
Q

VISCERAL PERICARDIUM (EPICARDIUM)
•What type of tissue makes up this layer?
•What is the name of the space between the parietal and visceral pericardium?
•What fluid is found in this space?
•What is the function of this fluid?

A
  • Serous membrane (simple squamous epithelium)
  • Pericardial Cavity
  • Serous Fluid
  • Lubricates movement of the heart when beating
45
Q

Coronary blood vessels are high or low in oxygen?

Name there’s blood vessels.

A

High

Left coronary artery, right coronary artery, and coronary sinus

46
Q

The left coronary artery turns into what two arteries

A

Circumflex artery and the anterior Interventricular (left anterior descending) artery.

47
Q

In what sulcus on the surface of the heart does the circumflex artery travel?

A

Coronary Sulcus

48
Q

In what sulcus on the surface of the heart does the anterior interventricular (left anterior descending) artery travel?

A

Anterior interventricular sulcus

49
Q

The right coronary artery flows inferior to which chamber of the heart?

A

Right atrium

50
Q

In what sulcus on the surface of the heart does the posterior interventricular artery (right dominant heart) travel?

A

Posterior Interventricular solcus

51
Q
  • In what sulcus on the surface of the heart does the coronary sinus travel?
  • This vein is in the same area as which artery?
  • Into which artery does it drain?
A
  • Coronary sulcus
  • Circumflex Artery
  • Right Atrium
52
Q

GREAT CARDIAC VEIN
•In which sulcus on the surface of the heart does this vessel lie?
•Which artery also travels in this sulcus?

A
  • Anterior Interventricular sulcus

* Left anterior Interventricular (descending artery)

53
Q

MIDDLE CARDIAC VEIN
•In which sulcus on the surface of the heart does this vessel lie?
•Which artery also travels in this sulcus?

A
  • Posterior Interventricular sulcus

* Posterior Interventricular artery (Branch of RCA)

Anatomy (7 decks)

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