Lab 16 - Skin, Hair & Nails

Question 1

Acrocyanosis

Answer 1

Bluish discoloration of the hands and feet

May be present at birth ad persist for several days

Question 2

Alopecia

Answer 2

Hair loss

Question 3

Alopecia areata

Answer 3

Patchy, non-scarring, asymmetric hair loss occurring in sharply defined areas of the scalp or beard

Question 4

Annular

Answer 4

Shaped like a ring, used to describe lesion that forms a ring around a clear center of normal skin

Question 5

Atrophy

Answer 5

Thinning of skin surface and loss of skin markings; translucent and paper-like

Question 6

Bulla

Answer 6

Vesicle greater than 1 cm in diameter

Question 7

Cellulitis

Answer 7

Diffuse, acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

Question 8

Chloasma

Answer 8

Facial discoloration common during pregnancy

Question 9

Confluent

Answer 9

Lesions that run together

Question 10

Crust

Answer 10

Dried serum, blood, or purulent exudates, slightly elevated, size varies

Question 11

Cutis marmorata

Answer 11

Marbled or mottled appearance of the skin of a newborn when exposed to decreased temperatures
Occurs because the newborn’s immature vascular system is unable to adapt to temperature changes

Question 12

Cyst

Answer 12

Elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated lesion in dermis or subcutaneous layer
Filled with liquid or semi-solid material

Question 13

Dermatomal

Answer 13

Lesion that follows a nerve or segment of the body

Question 14

Ecchymosis

Answer 14

Contusion or bruise

Question 15

Eczematous dermatitis

Answer 15

Common inflammatory skin disorder presenting with puritic papulovesicular lesions

Question 16

Erosion

Answer 16

Loss of part of the epidermis, follows rupture of a vesicle or bulla
Depressed, moist, glistening

Question 17

Erythema toxicum

Answer 17

Common transient benign condition seen in newborns during the first week consisting generalized small papules or pustules

Question 18

Excoriation

Answer 18

Loss of the epidermis

Linear hollowed-out, crusted area

Question 19

Fissure

Answer 19

Linear crack or break from the epidermis to the dermis

May be moist or dry

Question 20

Folliculitis

Answer 20

Inflammation and infection of the hair follicle and surrounding dermis

Question 21

Furuncle

Answer 21

Deep-seated infection of the pilosebaceous unit

Question 22

Harlequin color change

Answer 22

Skin coloration that occurs in some newborns in response to changes in position

Question 23

Keloid

Answer 23

Irregular-shaped, elevated, progressively enlarging scar caused by excessive collagen formation during healing
Grows beyond the boundaries of the wound

Question 24

Lanugo

Answer 24

Fine, silky hair of newborn’s skin

Question 25

Lichenification

Answer 25

Rough, thickened epidermis secondary to persistent rubbing, itching, or skin irritation Often involves flexor surface of extremity

Question 26

Macule

Answer 26

"Flat, circumscribed area that is a change in the color of the skin Less than 1 cm in diameter"

Question 27

Mongolian spots

Answer 27

Areas of deep bluish-gray pigmentation most commonly on the sacral aspect of a newborn

Question 28

Morbilliform

Answer 28

Maculopapular lesions that becomes confluent on the face and body

Question 29

Nevus

Answer 29

Mole that varies in size and color

Question 30

Nodule

Answer 30

Elevated, firm, circumscribed lesion | Deeper in dermis than a papule, 1-2 cm in diameter

Question 31

Papule

Answer 31

Elevated, firm, circumscribed area | Less than 1 cm in diameter

Question 32

Patch

Answer 32

Flat, non-palpable, irregular shaped area that is greater than 1 cm in diameter

Question 33

Petechiae

Answer 33

Tiny, flat purple or red spots on the skin surface, resulting from minute hemorrhages within the dermal layer

Question 34

Pityriasis rosea

Answer 34

Common, self-limiting exanthematous rash whose onset is marked by a "herald patch

Question 35

Plaque

Answer 35

Elevated, firm, rough lesion with flat top surface greater than 1 cm in diameter

Question 36

Psoriasis

Answer 36

Chronic recurrent disease of keratin synthesis

Question 37

Pustule

Answer 37

Elevated, superficial lesion | Similar to vesicle but filled with purulent fluid

Question 38

Salmon patches

Answer 38

"Stork bites"" | Flat, deep pink localized areas usually seen on the mid-forehead, eyelids, upper lip, and back of newborn

Question 39

Scale

Answer 39

Heaped up, keratinized cells | Flaky, irregular skin that is thick or thin, dry or oily, and varies in size

Question 40

Scar

Answer 40

Thin to thick fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin following injury or laceration to dermis

Question 41

Sebum

Answer 41

Lipid substance that keeps hair and skin from drying out

Question 42

Stellate

Answer 42

Star-shaped lesion

Question 43

Telangiectasia

Answer 43

Fine, irregular red lines produced by capillary dilation

Question 44

Tinea

Answer 44

Group of noncandidal fungal infections

Question 45

Tumor

Answer 45

Elevated and solid lesion, deeper in dermis May or may not be clearly demarcated Greater than 2 cm in diameter

Question 46

Vellus hair

Answer 46

Short, fine, non-pigmented hair

Question 47

Vernix caseosa

Answer 47

Mixture of sebum and cornified epidermis that covers the infant's body at birth

Question 48

Vesicle

Answer 48

Elevated, circumscribed, superficial lesion that is filled with serous fluid Less than 1 cm in diameter

Question 49

Wheal

Answer 49

"Elevated, irregular-shaped area of cutaneous edema | Solid, transient, and variable in diameter"

Question 50

Ulcer

Answer 50

Loss of epidermis and dermis | Concave, varies in size