Lab 12: Respiratory system

Question 1

These are the openings connecting the nasal cavity to the outside. Air passes through these openings during respiration.

Answer 1

External nares

Question 2

The cavity within the nose and above the palate. It is divided by the nasal septum into two passageways. The cavity contains the olfactory epithelium and warms, moistens, and filters the air passing through the nose.

Answer 2

Nasal cavity

Question 3

These are the cavities located within the skull which lighten the skull and serve as resonating chambers for speech.

Answer 3

Paranasal sinuses

Question 4

These are the openings at the rear of the nasal cavity which open into the nasopharynx. Air passes through these openings into the nasopharynx.

Answer 4

Internal nares

Question 5

This passage way is known as the throat. It is composed of three regions.

Answer 5

Pharynx

Question 6

This is the portion of the pharynx superior to the soft palate. The openings of the eustachian or auditory tubes are located in this region.

Answer 6

Nasopharynx

Question 7

This is the portion of the pharynx between the soft palate and the epiglottis. It is the common passageway for the digestive and respiratory systems.

Answer 7

Oropharynx

Question 8

This portion of the pharynx lies between the hyoid bone and the larynx.

Answer 8

Laryngopharynx

Question 9

Aka the voice box, it connects the pharynx to the trachea. Also contains the paired vocal chords used for speech.

Answer 9

Larynx

Question 10

This is a cartilage reinforced tube that is commonly called the windpipe. Begins at larynx and ends as it splits into the right and left bronchi in the thorax. It is the passageway for air.

Answer 10

Trachea

Question 11

The two large respiratory organs located in the thoracic cavity.

Answer 11

Lungs

Question 12

These are commonly called the root of the lung. They are located where the bronchi and blood vessels enter or leave the lung. Otherwise the lungs float freely in the thoracic cavity.

Answer 12

Hilus

Question 13

These are the two tubes which split from the base of the trachea and enter the right and left lungs.

Answer 13

Primary bronchi

Question 14

The primary bronchi split into these smaller tubes within the lungs.

Answer 14

Secondary bronchi

Question 15

The secondary bronchi split into these smaller tubes within the lungs.

Answer 15

Tertiary bronchi

Question 16

The tertiary bronchi split into these smaller tubes within the lungs. They eventually lead to the alveoli.

Answer 16

Bronchioles

Question 17

These are small sacs lined with simple squamous epithelium. They form the functional unit of the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

Answer 17

Alveoli

Question 18

This is a large flat skeletal muscle which separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. It acts to change air pressure within the lungs during inhalation and exhalation.

Answer 18

Diaphragm

Question 19

Boyle’s law states:

Answer 19

The pressure of a gas in a closed container is negatively related to the container’s volume.

Question 20

The volume of a single inhalation during normal breathing

Answer 20

Tidal volume

Question 21

The volume of air inhaled each minute

Answer 21

Minute volume respiration

Question 22

How to calculate minute reserve volume?

Answer 22

Multiply the number of breaths per minute times the tidal volume.

Question 23

How to calculate inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 23

Subtract the tidal volume from the inspiratory capacity.

Question 24

Respiratory volume that calculates normal breathing

Answer 24

Tidal volume

Question 25

Respiratory volume that calculates the remaining air in lungs after a normal breath

Answer 25

Expiratory reserve volume