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Biology 152 > LAB 11: Reproductive System (Structures) > Flashcards

LAB 11: Reproductive System (Structures) Flashcards

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1
Q

Scrotum

A

-houses the testes

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2
Q

Testes

A

-produces sperm and testosterone

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3
Q

Epididymus

A

-storage and maturation of the sperm

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4
Q

Ductus deferens

A

-conveys sperm from the epididymus to the ejaculatory duct during ejaculation

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5
Q

Seminal vesicle (gland)

A

-secretes alkaline fluid containing fructose, fibrinogen, and prostaglandins

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6
Q

Ejaculatory duct

A

-conveys sperm and semen from the ductus defends and seminal vesicles to the urethra

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7
Q

Prostate gland

A

-secretes seminal-plasm to kill bacteria in the urinary tract

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8
Q

Bulbourethral gland

A

-secretes alkaline mucus prior to ejaculation for lubricating the glans penis and neutralizing urinary acids

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9
Q

Urethra (male)

A

-carries urine and semen to outside of the body

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10
Q

Corpora Cavernosa (more superficial) and Corpus Spongiosum (deeper)

A

-erectile bodies become engorged with blood for erections

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11
Q

Prepuse

A

-“foreskin”, skin over the tip of the penis

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12
Q

What is an inguinal hernia?

A
  • occurs when tissue such as part of the intestine, protrudes a weak spot in the abdominal muscles, can result in a bulge that is painful
  • caused my heavy lifting/pressure
  • bad for men because it can disrupt the spermatic cord
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13
Q

What are the 8 components of semen?

A
  • fructose (citric acid)
  • clotting factor
  • sperm
  • relaxin
  • alkeline fluid
  • prostaglandins
  • seminal plasmin
  • fibriolyson
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14
Q

Frutose (citric acid)

A

-provides nutrients in the semen

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15
Q

Clotting factor

A

-coagulate sperm right after ejaculation to keep sperm in the vagina

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16
Q

Sperm

A

-fertilize egg

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17
Q

Relaxin

A

-enhances sperm motility

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18
Q

Alkaline fluid

A

-neutralizes acidic urethra (in male) and vagina

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19
Q

Prostaglandins

A

-stimulates uterine contraction, decrease velocity and cervical mucus

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20
Q

Seminal plasmin

A

-kills bacteria

21
Q

Fibriolyson

A

-breaks down clot so sperm can swim away

22
Q

Cremaster muscle

A

-raises the testes to the body for warmth

23
Q

Dartos muscle

A

-contracting causes the scrotal skin to wrinkle for heat loss to cool the testes

24
Q

List all the anatomical structures the sperm travels through from the seminiferous tubule to the penile urethra.

A

-seminiferous tubule –> rete testes –> ducts of epididymus –> epididymus –> ductus deferent –> ejaculatory duct –> prostate urethra –> penile urethra

25
Q

Spermatogonia and spermatocytes

A

-undergo meiosis to increase genetic variability; may fertilize the oocyte

26
Q

Nurse cells

A

-consumes residue cytoplasm during spermatogenesis

27
Q

Interstitial cells

A

-produce testosterone

28
Q

Ovary

A

-produce oocytes, secrete estrogen and progesterone

29
Q

Fimbriae

A

-creates currents that pull oocyte through uterine tube

30
Q

Uterine tubes

A

-conveys oocyte to uterus; optimal site for fertilization

31
Q

Uterus

A

-houses the fetus

32
Q

Cervix

A

-entrance to uterus; dilates from 1mm-10cm during childbirth

33
Q

Clitoris

A

-developmental homologue to penis; sexual arousal

34
Q

Labia minora

A

-hairless “lip” of flesh that flunk (what the fuck is this word) vaginal opening

35
Q

Labia majora

A

-also flunks (??) vaginal opening; has pubic hair, sebaceous and apocrine sudoriferous glands

36
Q

Vagina

A

-receives penis; birth canal

37
Q

Vestibular glands

A

-keep area moist and lubricated

38
Q

Two pituitary glands that regulate the ovarian cycle?

A

-FSH and LH

39
Q

Main steps in ovarian cycle

A
  • follicular phase
  • ovulation
  • corpus luteum
40
Q

Primary function of estrogen?

A

-development of female secondary sex characteristics, thickening of the endometrium, regulation of menstration cycle
med levels: ovulation
high levels: LH stage

41
Q

Layer of the endometrium shed

A

-functional zone

42
Q

Layer of the endometrium the generates new tissue

A

-basilar zone

43
Q

Muscle the myometrium is made of

A

-smooth muscle

44
Q

2 ovarian hormones that regulate the uterine cycle?

A

-estrogen and progesterone

45
Q

3 primary stages of the menstrual cycle

A
  • menses (sheds endometrium)
  • proliferative (ovaries develop and mature in prep for ovulation)
  • secretory phase (corpus luteum secretes progesterone)
46
Q

Trimester 1

A

-embryo genesis (all m major organ systems are formed)

47
Q

Trimester 2

A

-growth and development for organ systems

48
Q

Trimester 3

A
  • organ systems completely develop

- fetus gains weight

Biology 152 (12 decks)

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