Lab 1 Flashcards
Define anatomy
-the study of internal and external body structures and their relationship
Define physiology
-the normal functions
What is the function of the cardiovascular system?
-transports nutrients around the body
What is the function of the respiratory system?
-taking in oxygen for the body and expelling carbon dioxide through the process of gas exchange
What is the function of the lymphatic system?
- picks up fluid leaked from the blood capillaries and returns it to the blood, filters blood and houses immune system
What is the function of the digestive system?
- breaks down food, absorbs nutrients and eliminates residue as feces
What is the function of the urinary system?
-removes liquid waste from the blood
What is the function of the nervous system?
-controls and integrates body activity both internal and external
What is the function of the integumentary system?
-barrier that protects body from outer sources
What is the function of the skeletal system?
-supports, protects, provides movement
What is the function of the muscular system?
-movement
What is the function of the endocrine system?
-production of hormones
Towards the front
-anterior/ventral
Towards the back
-posterior/dorsal
Towards the head (pelvic and up)
-superior
Towards the feet (pelvic and up)
-inferior
In the centre of
-medial
Towards the left/right
-lateral
Close to the surface
-superficial
Farther from the body surface
-deep
Near origin of the structure (arms and legs)
-proximal
Further from origin of structure (arms and legs)
-distal
Head
-cephalic
Neck
-cervical
Chest
-thoracic cavity
Stomach
-abdominal cavity
Hips
-pelvic cavity
Thigh
-femoral
Knee
-patellar
Shin
-cruel
Eyes
-ocular/orbital
Nose
-nasal
Mouth
-oral
Armpit
-axillary
Bicep
-brachial
Inner elbow
-antecubital
Palm
-palmar
Forearm
-antebrachial
Butt
-gluteal
Behind knee
-popliteal
Calf
-sural
Foot
-plantar
Regions of body
- epigastric region (upper)
- umbilical region (mid)
- hypogastric region (lower)
- left/right hypochondriac (upper)
- left/right lumbar (middle)
- left/right inguinal
Quadrants
- Right/left upper quadrant
- Right/left lower quadrant
Sagittal
-divides body left and right
Transverse
-divides body inferior and superior
Frontal
-divides body anterior and posterior
Midsagittal
-right in the middle
Parasagittal
-slightly left or right
Divide both eyes
-transverse or frontal
Heart but not lungs
-sagittal
Both kidneys and both lungs
-frontal
What are body cavities?
-internal chambers protected by bones or layers of muscle
What are serous membranes?
-thin, smooth membranes that secrete serous fluid
What is serous fluid?
- allows for serosa to slide past each other without friction
- allows organs to move and change shape without rubbing
What are the two major body cavities?
-dorsal and ventral
What are the two subcavites in the dorsal cavity?
- cranial
- vertebral
What are the two subcavities in the ventral cavity?
- thoracic
- abdominopelvic
What cavities are inside the thoracic cavity?
- pleural cavity (lungs)
- pericardial cavity (heart)
What cavities are in the abdominopelvic cavity?
- peritoneal cavity
- abdominal cavity
- pelvic cavity
What is the serous membrane that lines the body cavity?
-parietal serosa
What is the serous membrane that contacts and covers the organ?
-visceral serosa
What is the potential space between two cavities?
-pleural cavity, pericardial cavity, or the peritoneal cavity and they are filled with serous fluid
What cavity and subcavity is the brain in?
-dorsal; cranial
What cavity and subcavity is the heart in?
ventral; thoracic; pericardial
What cavity and subcavity is the lung in?
ventral; thoracic; pleural
What cavity and subcavity is the liver in?
ventral; abdominopelvic; abdominal
What cavity and subcavity is the small intestine in?
ventral; abdominopelvic; abdominal
What cavity and subcavity is the ovary in?
ventral; abdominopelvic; pelvic
What cavity and subcavity is the spinal chord in?
dorsal; vertebral
What cavity and subcavity is the urinary bladder in?
ventral; abdominopelvic; pelvic
What cavity and subcavity is the spleen in?
ventral; abdominopelvic; abdominal
