Lab 10

Question 1

Biomolecular Clock

Answer 1

Ratio used to calculate DNA hybridization: (100-%) / MYA

Question 2

Paranthropus (Australopithecus) boisei

Answer 2

2-1 M.Y.A
Early Hominin

Robustus
Large mandible
Large sagittal crest
Significant Postorbital constriction

Question 3

Australopithecus africanus

Answer 3

2 M.Y.A.
Early Hominin
South African
prognathism present
canines reduced in size
diastama no longer showing

Question 4

Australopithecus afarensis

Answer 4

3 M.Y.A
Early Hominin

“Lucy”

parallel dental arcade
large canine cross section

slight diastama
smaller canines

Question 5

Australopithecus anamensis

Answer 5

4 M.Y.A
Early Hominin
large canines
prognathism present

parallel dental arcade

Question 6

Ardipithecus ramidus

Answer 6

4-5 M.Y.A
Early Hominin
Smaller face than austra
Smaller brain
foramen magnum placed more forward than in apes

Question 7

Ortorin Tugenesis

Answer 7

6 M.Y.A

Early Hominin

Question 8

Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Answer 8

7 M.Y.A

First hominin
Biped- change in foramen magnum
Small braincase
Prognathism present
Large supraorbital torus

Question 9

Australapithicenes

Answer 9

Bipeds, make the 2 legged transition

Parallel dental arcades
Prognathism present
Brain the size of Ape due to postorbital constriction

Question 10

Canine to Molar relationship

Answer 10

Inverse

as molars become larger, canines became smaller over the span of time

[K9 (l*w) / Molars (l*w)] * 100 = Indexis