Lab 1 Review: microscope and lab safety

Question 1

cranial synonym (anatomical position)

Answer 1

superior

Question 2

caudal synonym (anatomical position)

Answer 2

inferior

Question 3

ventral synonym (anatomical position)

Answer 3

anterior

Question 4

dorsal synonym (anatomical position)

Answer 4

posterior

Question 5

toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of

Answer 5

medial

Question 6

away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of

Answer 6

lateral

Question 7

pertaining to the main axis of the body; head, neck, trunk

Answer 7

axial part

Question 8

pertaining to the limbs

Answer 8

appendicular part

Question 9

closer to the origin of the body part or point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Answer 9

proximal

Question 10

farther from the origin of the body part or point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Answer 10

distal

Question 11

the basis for all directional reference

Answer 11

the anatomical position

Question 12

organs that work together to accomplish a common goal

Answer 12

organ system

Question 13

cutting tool used to perform initial incisions (cut in a downward direction)

Answer 13

scalpel

Question 14

cutting tool used to perform incisions (cut away from your hand)

Answer 14

scissors

Question 15

blunt tip that allows you to carefully maneuver silicate structures; sharp tip allows for more precise maneuvering of smaller structures (do not use excessive force)

Answer 15

probe

Question 16

pick up or grasp structures; secure specimen during incision (do not use excessive force to pick up structures)

Answer 16

forceps

Question 17

clean up procedure for dissection tray and reusable instruments (pins, probes, etc)

Answer 17

place in soapy water

Question 18

clean up procedure for disposable sharps (scalpels)

Answer 18

sharps container

Question 19

clean up procedure for biological specimens

Answer 19

clear specimen bag

Question 20

clean up procedure for gloves, paper towels, bench liners, etc

Answer 20

garbage bin

Question 21

Lens that provide a 10X magnification for viewing the specimen.

Answer 21

Eyepiece (Ocular Lens)

Question 22

Supports the objective lens system and eyepiece

Answer 22

Head

Question 23

Connects the base and the head

Answer 23

arm (neck)

Question 24

Rotating mechanism that allows the sequential position of
the objective lenses

Answer 24

revolving nosepiece

Question 25

Adjustable lens system that allows for different magnification powers 1. Scanning (4X) 2. Low Power (10X) 3. High Power (40X) 4. Oil Immersion (100X)

Answer 25

objective lenses

Question 26

Platform to rest slide and support the mechanical stage Has a hole to permit light to pass through for viewing the specimen

Answer 26

stage

Question 27

Has stage clips to secure slide for viewing Can be maneuvered to position slide for viewing

Answer 27

mechanical stage

Question 28

Controls mechanical stage in the X (horizontal) and Y (vertical) plane

Answer 28

mechanical (coaxial) stage controls

Question 29

Moves stage up or down to focus specimen

Answer 29

Coarse Adjustment Knob

Question 30

Provides precise focusing once coarse focusing has been completed

Answer 30

Fine Adjustment Knob

Question 31

Lens that concentrates light on the specimen

Answer 31

condenser

Question 32

Lever located that the base of the condenser that regulates the amount of light that passes through condenser

Answer 32

iris diaphragm

Question 33

Provide illumination

Answer 33

Light Source

Question 34

Controls intensity of light

Answer 34

lamp rheostat

Question 35

Provides protection from the environment Enables reception of sensory information Regulates body temperature Functions in excretion Participates in vitamin D synthesis

Answer 35

integumentary system

Question 36

*Secretes blood-borne chemical signals called hormones *Hormones regulate numerous processes including: *growth *reproduction *metabolism *Fluid balance *Sleep-wake cycles

Answer 36

endocrine system functions

Question 37

*Major control and communicating center of the body *Relays and interprets information from the environment *Enables immediate responses to external stimuli (reflexes) *Coordinates activities of other organ systems *Enables thought processes, memory and behaviors

Answer 37

nervous system functions

Question 38

*Provides structural framework of the body *Protects other organs *Enables movement and locomotion *Stores calcium and other minerals *produces red blood cells

Answer 38

skeletal system functions

Question 39

*Enables movement and locomotion *Enables posture and facial expression *Supports and protects internal organs *participates in thermoregulation

Answer 39

muscular system functions

Question 40

*Distributes blood cells, gases, hormones, nutrients, and waste products *Regulates body temperature -participates in immune function

Answer 40

cardiovascular system functions

Question 41

*Minimizes variation in the interstitial fluid of various tissues by recirculating the nutrients, hormones and wastes to the bloodstream *Produces, maintains, and distributes immune cells to protect the body against pathogens and toxins

Answer 41

Lymphatic/Immune System Functions

Question 42

*Enables gas exchange at the lungs *provides oxygen and other gases to the bloodstream *removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream *Aids in sound production for oral communication

Answer 42

respiratory system functions

Question 43

*Produces urine to regulate fluid balance *Excretes waste products *Regulates electrolytes, blood pressure and blood pH *Participates in metabolism

Answer 43

urinary system functions

Question 44

Breaks down food into absorbable units for energy via mechanical and chemical digestion Absorbs water and nutrients Produces secretions to aid in chemical digestion Excretes indigestible foodstuffs

Answer 44

digestive system functions

Question 45

on either side (both sides) of the reference point

Answer 45

bilateral

Question 46

on the other side of the reference point

Answer 46

contralateral

Question 47

on the same side of the reference point

Answer 47

ipsilateral