Lab 1 Flashcards
Histology
Branch of anatomy studying microscopic structure of tissues
Epithelial tissue
Thin tissue covering body surfaces, body cavities, hollow organs, and ducts of glands
Muscle tissue
Composed of cells that have the special ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of body parts
Basement membrane
A thin extracellular structure consisting of two layers, basal lamina and reticular lamina
Basal surface
The bottom side of epithelial tissue that faces the basement membrane
Apical surface
The top side of the epithelial tissue that faces the body cavity, lumen, or environment
Squamous cells
Thin, flat cells
Cuboidal cells
Cells shaped like a cube with a central nucleus
Columnar cells
Cells that are shaped like a column
Simple epithelium
A single layer of cells in which every cell touches the basement membrane
Stratified epithelium
Multiple layers of cells
Mesothelium
The simple squamous epithelium that lines ventral body cavities
Endothelium
The layer of mesothelium that lines the heart and blood vessels
Microvilli
Microscopic projections that exist on and around cells to increase surface area for transport
Cilia
Narrow projections that exist on and around cells to allow substances to be moved across the apical surface
Goblet cells
A cell that secretes mucus.
Found in pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
Skeletal muscle
A muscle that is connected to the skeleton and can be controlled voluntarily to produce body movement
Smooth muscle
Muscles found in the walls of hollow organs that is involuntarily controlled
Cardiac muscle
Muscles that comprise the majority of the wall of the heart and that are involuntarily controlled
Intercalated discs
Special intercellular connections found in cardiac muscle
Multinucleate
Cells with several nuclei
Resolution
The minimum distance at which two points can be distinguished by a microscope
Where is simple squamous epithelium found in the body?
Lining of blood vessels Lining of heart Alveoli Glomerular capsule Lining body cavities Mesothelium
Where is simple cuboidal epithelium found in the body?
Kidney tubules
Thyroid gland
Where is simple columnar epithelium found in the body?
Lining of the stomach
Lining of large intestine
Lining of small intestine
Lining of the gallbladder
Where is pseudostratified columnar epithelium found in the body?
Lining of nasal cavities
Lining of the trachea
Where is stratified squamous epithelium found in the body?
Epidermis Lining of the rectum Lining of the anus Lining of the vagina Lining of the esophagus
Where is transitional epithelium found in the body?
Lining of the urinary bladder
Lining of the ureters
Where is smooth muscle found in the body?
Blood vessel wall
Wall of many digestive/urinary/respiratory organs
Where is cardiac muscle found in the body?
Heart
Where is skeletal muscle found in the body?
Skeletal muscles
Where is stratified cuboidal epithelium located?
Lining of some ducts (rare)
Where is stratified columnar epithelium located?
Small areas of the pharynx, epiglottis, anus, mammary glands, salivary ducts, urethra
