Lab 1 Flashcards
6 Descriptions of Standard Anatomical Position
Standing erect
Facing the observer
Head level
Eyes facing forward
Feet flat on the floor directed forward
Arms at sides, palms forward (supinated position)
All anatomical descriptions are in reference to this point
Anatomical Planes
Imaginary flat surfaces passing through the body
X Y & Z Planes or
`Height Width Depth
Sagittal Plane
Midsagittal and Parasagittal
Right & Left portions
Midsagittal - Symmentrical images; equal portions; (only 1)
Parasagittal - unequal (infinite)
Frontal Plane
Transverse Plane
Oblique Plane
Section
Frontal (coronal): separates front and back plane
Transverse (Horizontal or cross plane): upper and lower
Oblique: any plane that is not Sagittal, frontal, or transverse. Or angles that are to the three above
The section is the cut surface if viewing any of the planes
Superior
Inferior
Cephalic/cranial
Caudal
Anterior
Posterior
Ventral
Dorsal
Superior: Above
Inferior: Below
Cephalic/cranial: Towards the head
Caudal: Towards the tail
-Example: ribs can be inferior or caudal to the clavicle
Anterior: Towards the front
Posterior: Towards the back
Ventral: Towards the belly
Dorsal: Towards the spine
-Can be used interchangeably with anterior/posterior in bipeds
Medial
Lateral
Proximal
Distal
Medial: Towards the middle
Lateral: away from the middle
Proximal: near the point of original
Distal: further from the point of origin
Ipsilateral
Contralateral
Superficial
Deep
Ipsilateral: same side of body
Contralateral: opposite side of body
Superficial: towards the surface
Deep: away from the surface
Cranial cavity
Vertebral cavity
Encased with bone and holding neural tissue
Cranial: brain
Vertebral: spinal cord
Thoracic cavity
2 Pleural cavity surrounds lungs
Pericardial cavity surrounds heart
Mediastinum
Abdominopelvic cavity
Abdominal: stomach, spleen, liver, etc
Pelvic: within the enclosure made by hipbones
Split from thoracic and abdomiopelvic cavity by Diaphram, a muscle used to breathe
