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Musculoskeletal > LA MS 5: Eq Foot > Flashcards

LA MS 5: Eq Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Exam of the Hoof

A 
Solar surface 
White line 
Frog 
Central sulcus 
bars 
Wear pattern
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2
Q

Frog Health

A

Will atrophy in severe cases

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3
Q

Hoof epidermal structures

A

Attached to internal and external surface of hoof capsule

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4
Q

Periople

A

Where hoof capsule grows from

If have injury or crack that starts at the coronary band, will affect growth of hoof capsule

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5
Q

Hoof Gross Exam

A

Look at size, shape, symmetry

Is the horse standing square with shoes on?

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6
Q

Hoof testers

A

If have shoes on, go over every nail

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7
Q

Angles

A

From front, side, back

  • -plumb line down center of cannon, thru pastern, and foot
  • -want half the foot in front, half the foot behind

Med/lat balance
Front/back balance

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8
Q

Remove shoes, clean feet

A

IMPORTANT perform lameness exam (if req’d) before pulling shoes

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9
Q

Contracted foot

A

Narrow foot
frog recessed
heels close together
narrow central sulcus

Front > hind, uni or bilat

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10
Q

Contracted foot etiology

A

Secondary to lameness
Induced through shoeing, dry foot
Hereditary

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11
Q

Contracted foot tx

A

Fix primary problem
Let go barefoot
Exercise

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12
Q

Sole bruises etiology

A

Poor riding surface

Thin-soled horse

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13
Q

Sole bruises CS

A

Variable lameness
Variable brushing on sole surface
Sensitivity to hoof testes
May or may not be lame on soft surface but will be lame on hard surface

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14
Q

Sole bruises tx

A

Full pads when shod

Paint sole with tincture of iodine

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15
Q

Corns

A

Bruise which has occurred at the angle of the wall and the bar
–etiology = improper shoeing, shoe left on too long, shoe too small

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16
Q

Abscesses

A

Number one reason for acute non-WB lameness!!!

IFX of sensitive lamina
Gravel: abscess drains at coronary band

17
Q

Abscess Etiology

A

Sole trauma

Laminitis

18
Q

Abscess Tx

A

Debride - clean and pairing out of foot, may need to block b/c so painful
Protect from contamination with bandages
RADS - check for IFX of P3

19
Q

Thrush

A

IFX/necrosis of frog area (check sulci)
Usually sore

Etiology = poor environment (mud, wet)

20
Q

Thrush TX

A

Change environment - use lime to dry stalls. No straw bedding
Clean feet daily
Apply topical tx - various formulations

21
Q

Canker

A

Horn hypertrophy
Draft horse dz - hind > front
+/- Lameness if frog involved

22
Q

Canker Tx

A

Routine foot care
Change environment
Debride - may need ax IOT debride until get down to a healthy frog
ABX

23
Q

Hoof Cracks

A

Fissures in the hoof wall

  • -not all cause problems
  • -generally run parallel to the laminae
  • -+/- IFX, lameness
24
Q

Hoof Cracks: toe/quarter cracks

A

Start at bottom
Prog good
Can lead to an unstable foot

25
Q

Hoof cracks: coronary cracks

A

Start at coronary band
Imply previous injury
Prog = poor

26
Q

Hoof Crack Tx

A

Patch
Hoof Resection
Shoe

27
Q

Seedy Toe

A

Widening and change in character of horn substance at the white line
Etiology:Is a sequela - not a cause in itself
–horses that have had laminitic episodes
–gap where dirt accumulates btw toe
–Also seen in flat feet broodmares

28
Q

Etiology seedy toe

A

Torn lamina

Chronic Laminitis

29
Q

Keratoma

A 
Non-neoplastic growth of horn (inward)
Usually toe region 
\+/- lameness 
Tx - needs protection!
--remove affected hoof wall and debride all abN tissue
30
Q

White Line Dz

A

IFX in separated hoof wall
Bacteria, fungus, yeast
Tx with hoof care
+/- ABX or antifungals

31
Q

Dz of Collateral cartilage

A

Sidebones

Quittor

32
Q

Sidebones

A

Calcification of the collateral cartilages
Rarely cause lameness
Can be one side or both
Indicate imbalanced foot or trauma - often seen in high stepping/gained horses

33
Q

Quittor

A 
Necrosis of collateral cartilages 
Moderate lameness
Puncture --> IFX 
Exceptionally hard to cure 
Difficult to image
34
Q

EXAM: how should you treat a puncture into the sole?

A

TREAT IT AS AN EMERGENCY!!!

35
Q

Pedal Osteitis

A

Chronic remodeling of P3
Comparable to plantar fasciitis
Etiology: concussion, thin soles
Dx: RADS - look for uneven margin of solar aspect of P3

36
Q

Tx Pedal Osteitis

A

Decrease Training
Sole protection - pads
Paint soles with iodine

37
Q

Puncture into the sole

A

Puncture into palmar third of the foot is life threatening!!!
Potentially into three synovial structures at once - DDFT tendon sheath, navicular bursa, coffin joint

SX EMERGENCY!!! RAPID DEBRIDEMENT +/- BURSOSCOPY TO CLEAN OUT THE NAVICULAR BURSA (septic arthritis = life-threatening in horses)

Musculoskeletal (10 decks)

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