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PHTY2230 Prac Exam (Balance and Vestib) > L9d: Exercise Prescription for Neurological Groups > Flashcards

L9d: Exercise Prescription for Neurological Groups Flashcards

1
Q

Older people more likely to experience a ____ due to ↑ prevalence of cardiovascular & metabolic diseases with age

A

stroke

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2
Q

Physiotherapy ____ focuses on improving movement and function by way of addressing underlying complications

A

rehabilitation

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3
Q

What are 5 characteristics for exercise for stroke patients to help patients to regain independent living ?

A
  1. Strengthening
  2. Stretching
    • Which have become tight due to spasticity or contractures
  3. Stabilising
  4. Balance & Gait
  5. Task-specific training
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4
Q

What are 4 characteristics for stroke rehabilitation?

A
  1. Stability
  2. Flexibility
  3. ROM and control
  4. Strengthening
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5
Q

What are the choice of exercise determined by?

A

Stage and severity of stroke

Initially use

  • Resistance provided by gravity
  • Progression to therabands –> Free weights
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6
Q

Upper extremity _____ (increased resistance to passive movements) commonly observed (_____)

  • Elbow flexors
  • Adductors

Thus, strengthening of antagonistic muscles (eg. triceps) is need to alleviate this complication and also stretch out the agonists (biceps)

A

flexors; spasticity

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7
Q

This same principle can be applied to the lower extremity, however the pattern of spasticity is characterised by ____ (flexors/extensors) rather than ______(flexors/extensors)

A

extensors; flexor

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8
Q

What are 3 characteristics for patients with shoulder subluxation or pain?

A
  1. Arm must be supported at all times (Before, during and after treatment)
  2. Can use some strapping position
  3. Important to have the patient in a supported position after treatment session
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9
Q

What is task specific training?

A
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10
Q

What are 4 examples of exercise to challenge balance?

A
  1. Balance performance in both sitting and standing are key elements
  2. Reaching for objects beyond arms length (move Com towards limits of BOS)
    • Initially require a lot of support and encouragement
    • Once regain balance control –> this will slowly be reduced
  3. Task specific for UL reaching, grasping, dressing
  4. Task specific for LL- walking, stepping
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11
Q

Often task needs to broken up into individual components before combining for neurological groups. What are 4 steps in sit to stand manoeuvre?

A
  1. Moving feet back before attempting to rise
  2. Forward trunk flexion
  3. Pushing up through lower limbs
  4. Once in a standing position –> maintaining the upright stance
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12
Q

How can providing cues and feedback uses to facilitated correct postural alignment and movement patterns for neurological groups?

A
  1. Sensory
  2. Proprioceptive
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13
Q

What are movement disorders?

A
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14
Q

What are 3 movements to work on for PD?

A
  1. Rigidity
  2. Reduced ROM
  3. Strengthening muscles = smooth and controlled movements
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15
Q

What are 4 things to help prevent Deterioration of functional tasks performance as the disease progresses?

A
  1. Reaching and grasping
  2. Bed mobility
  3. Sit to stand
  4. Gait
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16
Q

To help with movement initiation (which gets impaired with this disease), what are 4 aids?

A
  1. Use hearing techniques (auditory cues)
    • Giving commands to step while walking
    • Have the patient step in time to a metronome or clap
  2. Cognitive
    • Memorise and repeat instructions to themselves
  3. Tactile
    • Hand placement
  4. Visual
    • Mirrors (observe and correct their own movement)
    • Step out to markers on the ground to encourage longer step length
17
Q

_____ re-training and falls prevention plays a massive role in prescription in PD

A

Balance

18
Q

What can help with balance training for PD patients?

A
  • Use same balance exercises as we would for general ageing population and those prone to falling
  • Need to consider the additional use of hearing techniques and help with tremor and rigidity
  • Could effect performance or any training effects

PHTY2230 Prac Exam (Balance and Vestib) (12 decks)

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