L96 - Reward and Salience

Question 1

Psychomotor stimulants  increase in arousal, alertness, motor activity
Indirect sympathomimetics
block or reverse monoamine uptake mechanisms –> inc NT in synaptic cleft

Answer 1

cocaine and amphetamine (psychostimulants)

Question 2

serotonin > dopamine > norepinephrine

Answer 2

Cocaine

Question 3

norepinephrine >= dopamine > serotonin

Answer 3

Amphetamine

Question 4

effects of ____ and ____ both for reinforcement is mediated through dopamine system

Answer 4

cocaine and amphetamines

Question 5

6-OHDA lesions of mesocorticolimbic pathway (VTA to forebrain) –> prevent ___?

Answer 5

locomotor stimulating effects of psychostimulants

Question 6

What is 6-OHDA?

Answer 6

neurotoxin that selectively destroys monoaminergic neurons

Block DA receptors in nucleus accumbens  produces same effect

Question 7

6-OHDA lesion of nigrostriatal pathway –> prevent ___?

Answer 7

stereotyped repetitive behavior

Question 8

what area does nicotine bind in the brain?

Answer 8

nAChR in VTA –> inc DA in nucleus accumbens

nicotine can potentiate glutamate release  increased dopamine neuron firing

Question 9

Main psychopharmacological effect in cannabis

Answer 9

9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

Question 10

• All cannabinoids bind to cannabinoid receptors and do what 2 things?

Answer 10

1. increase synthesis and release of opioids

2. inhibit GABA neurons in the VTA, disinhibiting DA neurons

Question 11

Where are CB1 and CB2 located?

Answer 11

• CB2 found peripherally (e.g. immune system)

* CB1 found in central nervous system, as well as in some parts of periphery

Question 12

block THC self-admin

Answer 12

CB1 antagonist

Question 13

THC-induced facilitation of dopamine release is naloxone-reversible which suggests…?

Answer 13

suggests that opioid system is involved in THC’s effects on dopamine neurons