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Locomotor > L9-shoulder region 2 > Flashcards

L9-shoulder region 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the muscles of the dorsal scapular region?

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
teres major

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2
Q

what are the muscles of the ventral scapular region?

A

subscapularis
serratus anterior

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3
Q

what are the rotator cuff muscles and what is their function?

A

they are a group of muscles that surrounds the shoulder joint and stabilizes it. they are supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor and subscapularis

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4
Q

mention the origin insertion nerve supply and action of the supraspinatus muscle

A

it originates from the supraspinous fossa and insertion is the greater tuberosity. it is supplied by the suprascapular nerve and responsible for the abduction of the shoulder 18 degrees

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5
Q

mention the origin insertion nerve supply and action of the infraspinatus muscle

A

it originates from the infraspinous fossa and insertion if the greater tuberosity. it is supplied by the suprascapular nerve and responsible for lateral rotation of the arm

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6
Q

mention the origin insertion nerve supply and action of the teres minor muscle

A

it originates from the lateral boarder of the scapula and insertion is the greater tuberosity. it is supplied by the axillary nerve and responsible for the lateral rotation of the arm

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7
Q

mention the origin insertion nerve supply and action of the teres major muscle

A

it originates from the lateral boarder of the scapula and insertion is the bicipital groove. it is supplied by the lower scapular nerves and responsible for the medial rotation abduction and extension of the arm

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8
Q

mention the origin insertion nerve supply and action of the subscapularis muscle

A

it originates from the subscapular fossa and insertion is the lesser tuberosity and its supplied by the upper and lower scapular nerve and responsible for the medial rotation of the arm

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9
Q

mention the origin insertion nerve supply and action of the serratus anterior muscle

A

it originates form the lateral thoracic boarder and insertion is the front of the medial boarder of the scapula. it is supplied by the long thoracic nerve and it is responsible for the protraction of the scapula and raising arm above the head

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10
Q

why is the long thoracic nerve vulnerable to injury?

A

because it descends over the serratus anterior muscle deep to mammary gland

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11
Q

what is the outcome of an injury to the long thoracic nerve?

A

projection og the medial boarder of the scapula WINGING SCAPULA

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12
Q

what muscle initiates abduction?

A

supraspinatus muscle from 0 to 18 degrees

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13
Q

which muscle is responsible for abduction of arm up to 90 degrees?

A

the middle fibres of the deltoid muscle

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14
Q

which muscles are responsible for abduction of the arm more than 90 degrees?

A

trapezius and serratus anterior muscles
and its rotational movement of the scapula rather than abduction of the arm

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15
Q

what are the boundaries of the quadrangular space?

A

superiorly is the teres minor
inferiorly is the teres major
medially is the long head of triceps brachii
laterally is the surgical neck of the humerus

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16
Q

what are the contents of the quadrangular triangle?

A

axillary nerve and the posterior circumflex humeral vessels

17
Q

what is quadrangular syndrome?

A

hypertrophy of muscles of the quadrangular space may compress on the axillary nerve uncommonly causing weakness of the deltoid muscle. atrophy of the teres minor muscle can occur which affects the control that he rotator cuff muscles exert upon shoulder movement

18
Q

what are the boundaries of the upper triangular space?

A

superiorly is the teres minor
inferiorly is the teres major
laterally is the long head of the triceps brachii

19
Q

what are the contents of the upper triangular space?

A

circumflex scapular vessel

20
Q

what are the boundaries of the lower triangular space?

A

superiorly is the teres major
laterally is the shaft of the humerus
medially is the long head of the triceps brachii

21
Q

what are the components of the lower triangular space?

A

profunda brachii vessels and radial nerve

22
Q

what type of joint is the shoulder joint?

A

synovial joint ball and socket

23
Q

what are the articular surfaces of the shoulder joint?

A

head of the humerus and glenoid cavity of the scapula. each of these surfaces is covered by a layer of hyaline cartilage and the glenoid cavity is deepened by a fibrocartilogenous rim called labrum glenoidale

24
Q

what are the attachments of the shoulder joint?

A

i)medially it is attached to the circumference of the glenoid outside the labrum glenoidale
ii)laterally the capsule is attached to the anatomical head of the humerus

25
Q

what is a false ligament?

A

it is the thickening if the capsule of the shoulder joint

26
Q

what are the true ligaments?

A

croaco humeral ligament
transverse humeral ligament

27
Q

what are the factors affecting the shoulder joint?

A

rotator cuff muscles
tendon of long head of biceps and triceps
ligaments

28
Q

mention the rotator muscles and their site

A

superiorly is the supraspinatus
posteriorly is the infraspinatus and teres minor
anteriorly is the subscapularis

29
Q

what are the ligaments supporting the shoulder joint?

A

the croaco humeral ligament
the transverse humeral ligament and the glenohumeral ligament

30
Q

what are the 4 muscles that cause flexion?

A

pectoralis major
deltoid
croaco brachialis
long head of biceps

31
Q

what are the 3 muscles that causes extension?

A

latissimus dorsi
teres major
deltoid

32
Q

what are the 4 muscles that cause abduction?

A

0-18 is the supraspinatus
18-90 is the middle fibres of the deltoid
90< is the trapezius and the serratus anterior muscle

33
Q

what are the muscles that causes the lateral rotation of the arm?

A

infraspinatus
deltoid
ters minor

34
Q

what are the muscles that causes the medial rotation of the arm?

A

muscles inserted in the groove
anterior fibres of the deltoid
subscapularis

35
Q

what are the muscles that causes adduction of the arm?

A

muscles inserted in the bicipital groove
muscles inserted in the lesser and greater tuberosity

36
Q

where is the most common site for shoulder joint location and why?

A

it is through the inferior aspect of the capsule because it is the least supported during raising the arms above head

37
Q

effects of dislocation of humerus downwards on the quadrangular triangle?

A

may cause an injury to the axillary nerve and the posterior circumflex humeral artery

Locomotor (5 decks)

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