L9: GI blood loss Flashcards
most common place for GI bleeding
upper GI
upper GI=
oesophagus
stomach
duodenum
rarest place for GI bleeding
small bowel
commonest cause of upper GI bleeding
peptic ulcer
commonest causes of large bowel bleeding
angiodysplasia
diverticular disease
haemorrhoids
effect of hiatus hernia
causes damage to inside of stomach from continuous movement
mallory vice tear=
vomiting tearing the bottom of oesophagus
what is higher pressure arterial or variceal bleed
arterial
presentation of chronic GI bleeding
anaemia
positive FOB
FOB=
faecal occult blood
type of anaemia from GI bleed
iron deficiency
presentation of acute GI bleeding
haematemesis
melaena
shock
pr bleed
1st thing to do with acute bleeding
resuscitation
aim to transfuse hb to
10g/dl
aim for central venous pressure of
5-8cm JVP
what is a good measure of whether the patient has sufficient blood
urine
6 high risks for dying from bleed
age >65 co-morbidity -pulse >100bpm, -Bp <100 re-bleed in hospital -suspected variceal haemorrhage
is alcoholism a high risk for dying from a bleed
no
max score of high risk
11
positives of endoscopy treatment
improves outcomes
stops people dying
reduces need for surgery
stops rebleeding
ulcer high risk
active bleeding
visible vessel in ulcer base
adherent clot
endoscopic treatment for bleeding ulcers
inject adrenaline
gold probe or other method
when can you eat after endoscopy
4-6 hours after
angiodysplasia=
small vascular malformaiton of the gut
