L14/15

Question 1

why excess ACTH cause skin pigmentation

Answer 1

its a similar structure to MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone)

Question 2

main precursor to all steroid

Answer 2

cholesterol

Question 3

17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency causes

Answer 3

no cortisol
no sex steroids
increased mineralocorticoids

Question 4

21 hydroxylase deficiency causes

Answer 4

cortisol and aldosterone deficiency

Question 5

what happens to androgens with a 21 hydroxylase deficiency

Answer 5

increased production to compensate (ambiguous genitalia at birth)

Question 6

how does 21 hydroxylase deficiency present at birth

Answer 6

salt losing crisis
hypotensive
ambiguous genitalia

Question 7

cortisol increases

Answer 7

fat mobilisation
glucose
protein mobilisation

Question 8

highest peak of cortisol in day

Answer 8

early morning

Question 9

lowests levels of cortisol in day

Answer 9

sleep

Question 10

which cortex steroids are most abundant

Answer 10

androgens

Question 11

which cortex steroids least abundant

Answer 11

mineralocorticoids

Question 12

what is cortisol converted into

Answer 12

cortisone

Question 13

3 active steroids

Answer 13

cortisol
corticosterone
prednisolone

Question 14

3 inert steroids

Answer 14

cortisone
11 dehydrocortisosterone
prednisone

Question 15

what converts cortisone

Answer 15

11 beta dehydrogenase

Question 16

main secretion from medulla

Answer 16

adrenaline

Question 17

conns=

Answer 17

primary hyperaldosteroe

Question 18

which zone of cortex contains lipofuscin

Answer 18

zona reticularis

Question 19

what detects low blood concentrations of glucocortcoids

Answer 19

hypothalamus blood vessels

Question 20

2 effects of glucocorticoids receptor binding

Answer 20

transactivation

transrepress

Question 21

transactivation =

Answer 21

switching on of anti-inflammatory genes

Question 22

transrepress =

Answer 22

compete with coactivators to suppress gene transcription of pro-inflammatory proteins

Question 23

a physiological (small dose) of glucocorticoids is used for

Answer 23

addisons disease 
anti-inflammatory
asthma 
arthritis 
skin 
shock

Question 24

pharmacological (large dose) of glucocorticoids used for

Answer 24

RA
organ transplant
cancer

Question 25

cardiac effects of cushings

Answer 25

Left ventricular hypertrophy
hypertension 
cardiac arrhythmias 
thrombosis diathesis 
atherosclerosis

Question 26

fludrocortisone =

Answer 26

mineralocorticoid

Question 27

conns leads to

Answer 27

hypertension

low K

Question 28

what does metyrapone block

Answer 28

11-deoxycortisol