L7: Thyroid metabolic hormones and adrenocortical hormones Flashcards
Two main hormones secreted by thyroid gland?
7% of T3 and 93% of T4
NIS transporter
sodium-iodide symporter which is coming in from the blood and into the follicle cell
Pendrin
transports iodide out of cell and chlorine in
Pinocytosis
endocytosis of the colloid
What is the main thyroid hormone used by tissues?
T3. Most of T4 is converted into T3 in tissues
How is T4 converted into T3?
removal of one iodine
How does thyroid hormones increase metabolic rate of activites?
by increasing the amount and size of mitochondria
What effect does thyroid have on growth?
promotes growth and development of the brain during fetal life
hypothyroidism
rate of growth is greatly retarded
hyperthyroidism
excess skeletal growth (making children much taller at a younger age)
What effect does thyroid have on specific bodily mechanism?
- stimulates carbohydrate metabolism
- stimulates fat metabolism
- has effects plasma and liver fats
- increase in basal metabolic rate
- decrease body weight
- effects cardiovascular system
- effects on other endocrine glands
What does stimulating carbohydrate metabolism result in?
- increase of uptake in glucose to cells
- enhanced glycolysis
- enhanced glucogenesis
- increase absorption of glucose from GI tract
What does stimulating fat metabolism result in?
- mobilizing lipids from fat tissue which will decrease our fat stores
What activities does TSH cause an increase in?
- increase proteolysis of thyroglobulin
- increase activity of iodide pump
- increase size and secretory activity of thyroid cells
- increase number of thyroid cells
