L7: Major vessels of the neck Flashcards
What are the branches of the aortic arch?
❖ The brachiocephalic artery that gives:
Rt subclavian artery
Rt common carotid artery
❖ Lt common carotid artery
❖ Lt subclavian artery
What is the origin of the common carotid artery?
The right common carotid artery arises from the brachiocephalic art.
The left common carotid artery arises from the arch of the aorta.
What is the course of the common carotid artery?
Enters the neck behind the corresponding sternoclavicular joint.
Then runs upwards and backwards within the carotid sheath.
Lies partly undercover of sternomastoid muscle
What is the termination of the common carotid artery?
-Opposite the upper border of the thyroid cartilage and the intervertebral disc between the 3rd and 4th cervical vertebrae.
-It ends by dividing into 2 terminal branches.
What are the branches of the common carotid artery?
Only 2 terminal branches: Which are External and internal carotid arteries.
What is the carotid sinus?
The carotid sinus is a dilatation in the terminal part of CCA and beginning of ICA.
What is the origin of the external carotid artery?
It is one of two terminal branches of the common carotid artery
At the level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage and the intervertebral disc between the 3rd and 4th cervical vertebrae
What is the course of the external carotid artery?
Ascends upward in neck
Divided by the posterior belly of the digastric muscle into 3 parts.
Enters the parotid gland
What is the termination of the external carotid artery?
Behind the neck of the mandible within the parotid gland.
divides into two terminal branches:
The maxillary and the superficial temporal.
What are the branches of the external carotid artery and what do they supply?
3 from the front:
Superior thyroid artery: the 1st branch, supplies the thyroid gland
Lingual artery: supplies the tongue.
Facial artery: supplies the face.
2 from the back:
Posterior auricular artery: supplies the scalp
Occipital artery: supplies the scalp.
1 from medial aspect:
Ascending pharyngeal artery: 2nd branch, supplies the pharynx
2 terminal branches:
Superficial temporal artery: supplies the face and scalp. Maxillary artery: supplies the head and teeth.
What are the pulse points in our bodies?
Carotid pulse:
❖ Carotid arteries are felt on the side of the neck, in front of the sternomastoid muscle, just below the angle of the mandible.
Facial pulse:
❖ The facial artery is felt against the base of the mandible.
Superficial temporal pulse:
❖ The superficial temporal artery is felt in front of the ear against the zygomatic arch.
What is the origin of the internal carotid artery?
It is one of two terminal branches of the common carotid artery.
At the level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage and the intervertebral disc between the 3rd and 4th cervical vertebrae.
What is the course of the internal carotid artery?
Runs inside the carotid sheath.
It enters the cranial cavity through the carotid canal in the petrous part of the temporal bone.
What is the termination of the internal carotid artery?
Divides into anterior & middle cerebral arteries.
What are the branches of the internal carotid artery?
It has no branches in the neck.
Has branches supply the brain and the eye.
What is the beginning of the external jugular vein?
Union of the posterior division of the retromandibular vein with the posterior auricular vein
What is the course of the external jugular vein?
Descends in the superficial fascia superficial to the sternomastoid muscle
It pierces the deep fascia of the neck just above the clavicle.
What is the termination of the external jugular vein?
In the subclavian vein
What are the tributaries of the external jugular vein?
SS TC AJ
1) Suprascapular vein
2) Transverse cervical vein
3) Anterior jugular vein
What is the beginning of the internal jugular vein?
Direct continuation of the sigmoid sinus at the jugular foramen.
What is the course of the internal jaguar vein?
Runs downwards through the neck within the whole length of the carotid sheath (with internal and common carotid arteries and the last 4 cranial nerves).
Lies undercover of sternomastoid muscle
What is the termination of the internal jugular vein?
It joins the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic
What are the tributaries of the internal jaguar vein?
1- Superior thyroid vein
2- Middle thyroid vein
3- Common facial vein
4- Lingual vein
5- Pharyngeal veins
6- inferior petrosal venous sinus
What is the medical importance of the internal jaguar vein?
it is used for insertion of central venous catheter
