L7 Contact Lens Solution and Dry Eyes (MCQ)

Question 1

what are the 2 FDA tests for Cl sol?

Answer 1

regimen test: group of products used as a regimen that achieves the necessary log reduction for organisms killed.

A total reduction of 5 log units of all microbes put together is required. (bacteria are not separated from fungi)

stand alone test: in order to meet the stand alone criteria, a product must achieve the necessary log reduction for organisms killed
in a soaking-only step, without rubbing

Reduction of 3 log units for each of the 3 specified bacterias and 1 log unit for each of the fungi.

This test is more stringent

Question 1

what is the ideal CL solution? 6 traits

Answer 1

-simple to use
- Allows comfortable wearing time
-kills all ocular pathogens
- Remains non-toxic to the ocular surface
- Removes lens deposits
-afforadable

Question 2

WHAT ARE THE 5 MICRO-ORGANISMS FDA USES IN ITS TESTING OF CONTACT LENS SOLUTION?

Answer 2

-Gram + Staphylococcus aureus
-Gram – Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-Serratia marcescens

Fungi category
-Candidas albicans
-Fusarium solani

Question 3

WHAT IS DRY EYES?

Answer 3

-Dry eyes is a collection of signs and symptoms that make
up an eye condition.
-it may be due to an imbalance in the quantity or quality
of tears.

Question 4

SSX of dry eyes?

Answer 4

Burning
Itching
Tearing
Hyperemia
Fluctuating vision
Foreign body sensation: gritty, sandy feeling
Sore and tired eyes
Contact lens intolerance
Ocular discharge

Question 5

5 Mx of dry eyes?

Answer 5

artificial tears
ointment Formulations
gel Formulations
Dietary changes
Surgical intervention

Question 6

what causes dry eyes?

Answer 6

Environmental : air con, dust
Ageing : changes in tears quality & quantity
Hormonal changes : menopausal
Ocular surgery: LASIK
Medications: anti-histamines
Contact lens wear: overwear

Question 7

what does artificial tears contain?

Answer 7

Artificial tears is the most common form of
relieving / ‘treating’ dry eye syndrome.

contains:
Water
Viscolizer
Preservative
Chelating agent
Osmolarity agent
Buffer

Question 8

what are the 2 types of artificial tears?

Answer 8

1. ARTIFICIAL TEARS WITH PRESERVATIVE:
   - Usually packed in bottles.
   - Able to reuse opened bottles up to 30 days.
   - Not suitable for contact lens used UNLESS otherwise stated
   e.g Refresh tears, ReNu Rewetting Drops, tears Naturale II, Ganryojun, optrex, eye mo
2. ARTIFICIAL TEARS WITHOUT PRESERVATIVE:
   -Exist in minims
   -Do not contain preservative therefore, discard 12-24 hours after opening
   -Suitable for contact lens use
   e.g tears Naturale, refresh plus, thera tears, refresh celluvisc, refresh classic, bion tears, optive

Question 9

WHAT ARE OINTMENT FORMULATIONS USED FOR? PROS AND CONS?

Answer 9

• For moderate to severe dry eyes for use at bedtime.
• Preparation of petrolatum& mineral oil

PROS:
Retained longer in tear film due to molecular size
-Not easily removed by lacrimal drainage system

CONS:
- Messy, greasy and BLURS vision

Question 10

WHAT ARE GEL FORMULATIONS USED FOR? PROS AND CONS?

Answer 10

For moderate to severe dry eyes for use at anytime
-They last longer than drops and do not cause misty
vision
-Can be used at bedtime and they can last partly through
the night.

Question 11

what is the general guideline for prescribing tear lubricants?

Answer 11

Minor Dry Eyes:
Refresh Tears
Bion Tears

Moderate Dry Eyes:
Refresh Plus
Tears Naturale

Severe Dry Eyes:
Celluvisc
Lacrilube
Lacryvisc