L7 - Artificial Gravity During Space Missions Flashcards
DEFINE SELF-CARE / SELF-MANAGEMENT
Keeping self-satisfied and productive
Managing one’s own stress and interactions with others
Preventing stressful/frustrating events from interfering with performance
DESCRIBE THE KEY ELEMENTS OF SELF-CARE / SELF-MANAGEMENT
Self-Care Performance under stress Family issues Self-awareness Flexibility
DESCRIBE THE STRATEGIES FOR SELF-CARE / SELF-MANAGEMENT
Develop a positive approach
Cycle of positive/negative thinking (contagious)
Event -> interpretation – thoughts – mood; statements – others interpret person as “optimist/pessimist” and respond in a positive/negative way; others encouraged to think positively/negatively
Work towards “harmony”
Pace yourself for a “marathon” vs “sprint”
Develop a “normal” pattern of working and living
Ask for/accept help when appropriate
Protect your sleep/rest time as much as possible
Develop a means of recreation
Preserve your own personal space
Take care of your personal hygiene
Plan/prepare with your family and friends
Develop realistic expectations and goals
Identify ways to monitor and manage your stress
DEFINE TEAM WORK
Actively support the team to achieve mission objectives
Develop smooth relations and effective work processes with other team members
DESCRIBE THE KEY ELEMENTS OF TEAM WORK
Initiative
Communication
Team relationships
DESCRIBE THE STRATEGIES FOR TEAM WORK
Develop & leverage listening skills Accept inquiry Share credit for accomplishments; accept responsibility for mistakes Tell jokes and humorous stories Communicate openly, yet diplomatically Develop relationships early
DEFINE GROUP LIVING
Each crewmember modifies her/his behaviour to make the situation workable/pleasant for everyone.
DESCRIBE THE KEY ELEMENTS OF GROUP LIVING
Adjusting behaviour to accommodate others’ needs
Contributing to group welfare
Everyone influences the quality of life on orbit
Living together is harder than working together
DESCRIBE THE STRATEGIES FOR GROUP LIVING
Discuss group expectations early Do your share of communal tasks Use conflict management skills Ask questions before reacting Challenge initial interpretations of behaviour Support colleagues’ personal needs Include crew members in activities Avoid doing what annoys others Be Flexible!
DEFINE FOLLOWERSHIP
Partnering with the leader to maximize team effectiveness and to achieve organizational objectives
It is not simply following the leader’s direction
It is active
DESCRIBE THE KEY ELEMENTS OF FOLLOWERSHIP
Alignment
Versatility
Technical competence
Trust & Reliability
DEFINE LEADERSHIP
Guiding the team to maximize its effectiveness and to achieve the organization’s goals
Setting the organizational culture
DESCRIBE THE KEY ELEMENTS OF LEADERSHIP
Goal setting
Supporting the Team
Modelling/coaching
Situational leadership
DEFINE CULTURE
Software of the Mind”
Ways of seeing the world
Key influence on behaviour/expectations
DEFINE CROSS-CULTURAL SKILLS
Understanding of one’s own and others’ cultures and how it impacts the success of interactions with other people.
Use of different styles/approaches to support smooth and effective work with people from other cultures.
DESCRIBE THE KEY ELEMENTS OF CROSS-CULTURAL SKILLS
Cultural (self) awareness
Cultural understanding (of others)
Cultural interpretation
Cultural adaptability
DESCRIBE THE “UPSIDES” TO WORKING WITH PEOPLE FROM OTHER CULTURES
Learn new approaches and points of view
Recognize impact of own culture
Make better decisions
Leverage strengths of diverse team
CRIBE THE “DOWNSIDES” TO WORKING WITH PEOPLE FROM OTHER CULTURES
More effort required to communicate clearly
More time required to make decisions
More complexity
DESCRIBE THE ASTRONAUT/COSMONAUT SIMILARITIES
“Cosmonauts and astronauts are well educated ‘techno’ guys and are a lot alike. They don’t expect to observe each other’s different cultural practices all the time. Differences between US civilian astronauts and US military astronauts are greater than differences between astronauts and cosmonauts.”
DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MILITARY AND CIVILIAN LEADERSHIP
“At NASA, leadership is a lot different from what you find in the military. You have a small team and there are skill mix issues. As a leader, you try to get consensus that maximizes involvement; sometimes you need variety and participation. In training, I tried to make everyone as multifunctional as possible.”
DESCRIBE OTHER TYPES OF CULTURAL DIFFERENCE
In general, personality differences are more powerful than cultural differences, except:
Gender role expectations
Leadership/Followership role expectations
DESCRIBE THE STRATEGIES FOR CROSS-CULTURAL SKILLS
Complete training on own/others’ cultural values
Be flexible
Think of people as individuals
Include people from other cultures in work and social activities
Plan for extra time needed to work smoothly with people from other cultures
Learn as much of the language as possible
DESCRIBE THE STRATEGIES TO AVOID FOR CROSS-CULTURAL SKILLS
Applying the “dominant culture” model Relying on stereotypes Being influenced by time pressure Demonstrating too little respect Trying to change others
DESCRIBE THE ASTRONAUT EXPEDITIONARY TRAINING
Selection -> expedition workshop -> NOLS (crew comments/debriefs) -> NEEMO -> assigned flight training -> ISS expedition
DESCRIBE THE KEY POINTS FOR EXPEDITIONARY BEHAVIOUR
Keep self-satisfied & productive Take initiative Adjust behaviour to accommodate others’ needs Partner with the leader Use situational leadership Be culturally adaptable
