L6 - Lyme Regis Flashcards
What is Hard Engineering?
Engineering solutions that work to stop coastal process being damaged
E.g. Sea Wall
What is Soft Engineering?
Engineering solutions that works with coastal process to allow coasts and people to work together
E.g. Managed Retreat
What are the 5 options of management when a settlement is under threat from coastal processes?
- Hard Engineering
- Soft Engineering
- Managed Retreat
- Do Nothing
- Prevent and discourage (further housing and commercial development)
What was protected in Lyme Regis?
- 5,000 residents in 170 houses
- 15,000 tourists - main income
- Cobb Hill - was slipping down hill
- Relandscaped parks
- Sand shingle on the beach
What were the problems with Lyme Regis’ management?
- Preliminary cost - £1.5 million
- Proposed cost - £30 million
- Beachfront closed for 2 years
- Temporary restricted access to the car park
- Temporary closure of Beach huts
What did Lyme Regis use to protect their coast?
- Beach material from France
- Breakwater / rock armour granite from Norway
- 1,000 deep-bored pins to prevent landslides
- Drainage Systems
What were the benefits of Lyme Regis?
- 2,000 more people than previous year (25,000 visitors in April 2005 alone)
- Beach kept in place
- Improved ramp system
- New planting schemes in Langmoor and Lister Gardens
What are the benefits of Hard Engineering?
- Effective - Land will be securely protected
- Income will be possible E.g. Tourism
What are the disadvantages of Hard Engineering?
- Expensive
- Requires maintenance
- Poor aesthetics
- Interferes with natural processes
What are the advantages of Soft Engineering?
- Works with coastal processes
- Replicates natural environment - allows tourism to continue
- Doesn’t damage natural processes
What are the disadvantages of Soft Engineering?
- Ineffective, require resupply
- People can lose houses and land value declines
What are the Economic, Social and Environmental advantages and disadvantages of HARD ENGINEERING?
ECONOMIC
+ In the long term businesses will be protected
- Very expensive
SOCIAL
+ In the long term houses will be protected
- Likely to create short term problems of lack of access during construction
ENVIRONMENTAL
+ May improve the visual quality of the coastal zone
- May lead to problems elsewhere where there may be no protection
What are the Economic, Social and Environmental advantages and disadvantages of SOFT ENGINEERING?
ECONOMIC
+ Local businesses will benefit if more tourists use the new beach
- Expensive
SOCIAL
+ Creates better beaches for tourists for use
- Some people may not like the changed visual appearance
ENVIRONMENTAL
+ Improved visual quality of beaches
- Another area may be affected by the loss of the sand and shingle
What are the Economic, Social and Environmental advantages and disadvantages of MANAGED RETREAT?
ECONOMIC
+ Long-term investment may help future generations
- Expensive in short term
SOCIAL
+ Long term investment may help future generations
- Present generations will not benefit
ENVIRONMENTAL
+ New natural environmental may be created
- May create visual problems of an unmanaged coast
What are the Economic, Social and Environmental advantages and disadvantages of DOING NOTHING?
ECONOMIC
+ Costs nothing
- Expensive to pay for new homes and businesses of they are damaged
SOCIAL
+ There are no advantages
- Will lead to continued problems as propel may lose their homes and businesses
ENVIRONMENTAL
+ New natural environments may be created
- Will create visual problems of an unmanaged coats
