L5 - Rapid Retreat Flashcards
Where geographically is the Holderness coastline located?
On the coast of East Yorkshire
What two types can techniques for managing physical processed be divided into?
Hard and soft engineering options
Why is Mappleton under threat?
It is perched on a cliff top on the Holderness coast made of soft boulder clay
What management schemes were implemented at Mappleton?
Norwegian granite rock armour was set along the base of the cliff and two rock grins were built.
How much did the coastal management at Mappleton cost?
£2 million
What impact have the coastal management schemes had on Mappleton?
Mappleton and the cliffs are no longer at risk of erosion
What negative consequence has the coastal management at Mappleton caused?
The rate of erosion has increased on the coastline south of Mappleton
What are the purpose of Groynes?
They prevent longshore drift from occurring. This preserves sediment on the coast to offer more protection against erosion
What two factors need to be considered when managing a coastline?
- Understanding the uses of the coastal land
2. Acknowledging the specific physical processes impacting the coast
How fast is the coast eroding in Holderness?
Up to 10 metres a year along unprotected stretches of coastline
Why is the east coast of the UK being eroded so rapidly?
The rock type of the coast is made of predominantly boulder clay (soft clay and sands) which is easily eroded
When is erosion of the east coast at its highest?
North and North-East winds create a long fetch and consequently high energy waves
