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Anatomy II: Exam 1 > L6: Gluteal Region & Hip Joint > Flashcards

L6: Gluteal Region & Hip Joint Flashcards

1
Q

cutaneous innervation upper medial buttock

A

posterior rami L1-3, S1-3

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2
Q

cutaneous innervation upper lateral buttock

A

Iliohypogastric L1

ant. rami T12

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3
Q

cutaneous innervation lower medial buttock

A

branches from post. femoral nerves

S1-3 ant. rami

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4
Q

cutaneous innervation lower lateral buttock

A

branches of ant. rami from lat. femoral cutaneous nerve S2-3

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5
Q

deep gluteal fascia is continuous w/ ?

A

deep fascia of the thigh, also called fascia lata

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6
Q

gluteal deep fascia

A

single later
iliac crest covering outer glute max
splits to enclose glute max

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7
Q

deep gluteal fascia continues as ______ tract on ?

A

iliotibial tract on lateral surface of thigh

or IT band

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8
Q

iliotibial tract attachments

A

tubercle of iliac crest
lateral condyle of tibia

forms sheath for tensor fascia latae muscle

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9
Q

greater site of insertion for the gluteus maximus

A

iliotibial tract

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10
Q

superficial gluteal fascia

A

tied down to bottom of buttock

forms gluteal fold or natal fold

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11
Q

structures passing thru greater sciatic foramen

A
  1. piriformis
  2. sciatic nerve
  3. pudendal nerve
  4. post. femoral cutaneous n
  5. nerves to quad fem and obturator internus
  6. sup/inf gluteal vessels/n.
  7. internal pudendal art/v
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12
Q

structures passing thru lesser sciatic foramen

A
  1. tendon for obturator internus
  2. nerve to obturator internus
  3. pudendal nerve
  4. internal pudendal vessels
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13
Q

ligaments of articulated pelvis

A 
obturator memb.
Sacrotuberous
sacrospinous
sacroiliac
iliolumbar
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14
Q

greater vs lesser sciatic foramen allow passage for ?

A

greater = enter/exit pelvis

lesser = enter/exit perineum

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15
Q

posterior pelvis ligaments

A

post. sacrospinous lig

Sacrotuberous lig

sacrospinous lig

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16
Q

the ___ muscles of gluteal group are all _____. list the muscles

A

4 muscles
all abductors

glute max, med, min
tensor fascia latae

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17
Q

muscles of glute posterior vs lateral

A

post = glute max, med

lat = glute min, tensor

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18
Q

function of the gluteal muscles

A

prevent pelvis and body from falling to the unsupported side when one foot is off the ground

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19
Q

function of the deep external rotators

A

rotate unsupported side of pelvis forward to increase stride

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20
Q

gluteus maximus - origin/insertion

A

post. gluteal line of ilium
surfaces of sacrum
coccyx
Sacrotuberous lig

gluteal tuberosity
IT band

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21
Q

gluteus maximus - action

A

extends thigh
ext. rotate thigh

ext. pelvis

necessary for: standing from sitting, climbing, running, jumping

not needed for walking

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22
Q

gluteus maximus - innervation and blood supply

A

inferior gluteal n

inf. gluteal art. — from internal iliac

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23
Q

posterior gluteal bursae

A

trochanteric bursa
gluteofemoral b
ischial or sciatic b

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24
Q

gluteus minimus and medius are the same _____ but ?

A

same muscle

separated by the superior gluteal nerve

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25
Q

tensor fascia latae inserts on ?

A

it band

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26
Q

lateral glute compartment muscles – innervation and vascular supply

A

superior gluteal n

superior gluteal art — from internal iliac

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27
Q

lateral gluteal compartment muscles – action

A

hip abduction w/ free swinging limb

tensor and ant. gluteal fibers – med rotators of thigh

28
Q

gluteus medius - origin and insertion

A

ilium
gluteal aponeurosis

anterior border of greater trochanter

29
Q

gluteus minimus - origin and insertion

A

ilium

anterior border of greater trochanter

30
Q

tensor fascia latae - origin and insertion

A

outer lip of iliac crest
ASIS

it band

31
Q

what does a Trendelenburg test evaluate?

A

the strength of contralateral gluteus medius

patient standing - raises one foot

gluteus med is needed to clear foot from ground during sweeping phase of walking

32
Q

list the deep external rotators of the hip

A 
6
piriformis
sup. gemellus
obturator internus
inferior gemellus
obturator externus
quadratus femoris
33
Q

piriformis innervation

A

ventral rami S1-2

34
Q

obturator externus innervation

A

obturator nerve

35
Q

nerve to quadratus femoris

A

innervates gemellus inf. and quadratus femoris

36
Q

nerve to obturator internus

A

obturator internus

sup. gemellus

37
Q

functions of piriformis and obturator internus

A

ext. rotate thigh

abduct flexed thigh

38
Q

the internal iliac artery arises from ?

A

common iliac artery

39
Q

branches from internal iliac artery

A

superior gluteal art

inferior gluteal art

40
Q

branches from femoral artery

A

medial femoral circumflex a

lateral femoral circumflex a

41
Q

medial femoral circumflex artery ______ branch anastomoses w/ ?

A

ascending

inf. gluteal art

42
Q

lateral femoral circumflex artery ________ branch anastomoses w/ ?

A

ascending

sup. gluteal art

43
Q

acetabular fossa is formed by the fusion of ?

A

all 3 pelvic bones

44
Q

acetabular fossa – what portion participates in articulation?

A

only the outer - horse shoe shaped portion

cover by hyaline cartilage

45
Q

acetabular fossa – where is a fat pad located?

A

deeper central part

46
Q

acetabular labrum

A

deepens socket
grasps head of femur
holds it in socket

47
Q

fibrocartilage pad of acetabular labrum

A

covers acetabular notch
converts it into a foramen

neurovascular bundle containing main blood supply to head of femur passes thru the foramen

48
Q

the hip joint is arranged to favor _____ or _____ and has ____ degrees of freedom

A

stability over mobility

3 degrees

49
Q

sciatic notches are separated from each other by ?

A

ischial spine

50
Q

transverse acetabular ligament

A

continuation of acetabular labrum across acetabular notch

converts notch to foramen for transmission of artery to head of femur

51
Q

iliofemoral ligament characteristics

A

strongest, most important ligament of the hip

called Y ligament of bigelow

resists hyperextension of hip

52
Q

iliofemoral ligament – proximal/distal attachments

A

ant. inf. iliac spine

intertrochanteric line

53
Q

pubofemoral ligament – prox/distal attachment and function

A

pubis near inf. rim of acetabulum

neck of femur above lesser trochanter

resists hyperextension of hip

54
Q

ischiofemoral ligament – prox/distal attachments and function

A

ischium near post. rim of acetabulum

neck of femur medial to greater trochanter

resists hyperextension of hip

55
Q

ligamentum teres – prox/distal attachments and function

A

fovea of femoral head

transverse acetabular lig

supports artery to head of femur

56
Q

zona orbicularis

A

a collar like ligament around the distal neck of the femur

57
Q

nerve supply to hip ligaments

A

mostly supplied by branches of the femoral and obturator nerves

58
Q

blood supply to hip ligaments

A

sup/inf gluteal arteries

med/lat femoral circumflex arteries

obturator arteries

59
Q

obturator arteries supplying the hip ligaments

A

via a branch that is part of the neurovascular bundle supported by the lig. teres

60
Q

angle of inclination

A

axis of femoral neck and femoral shaft

61
Q

angle of inclination values – infant, toddler, adult, elder

A

150
135
125
120

62
Q

functions of angle of inclination

A

adducts distal ends of femora so that tibiae are parallel to each other during standing

63
Q

pathologies of angle of inclination

A

increase = coxa valga

decrease = coxa vara

64
Q

Q-angle

A

created by intersection of the long axes of the tibia and the femur

65
Q

angle of torsion

A

transverse axis of femoral condyles

axis of femoral neck

value = 12 degrees (range 8 - 25)

66
Q

function of angle of torsion

A

produces torque that allows femoral condyles to face anteriorly

67
Q

pathologies of angle of torsion

A

increase = anteversion
ant. surface of femur faces more medially

decrease = retroversion
ant. surface of femur faces more laterally

Anatomy II: Exam 1 (8 decks)

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