L6 Geog, maps, media

Question 1

who was John Snow?

Answer 1

doctor during London cholera outbreak 1854

Question 2

what did John Snow do?

Answer 2

used maps to determine outbreak was from water not the air

Question 3

maps are a great example of data ….

Answer 3

visualisation

Question 4

when are maps recommended to only be used?

Answer 4

when specific locations or geographical patterns are most important

Question 5

we use maps to pin point specific?

Answer 5

locations i.e. a state

Question 6

maps show …………. between different places

Answer 6

connections

Question 7

choropleths = used to…

Answer 7

show data through various shading patterns

Question 8

example of a choropleth map =

Answer 8

different states in different colours depending on who they voted for

Question 9

in choropleths what is very important?

Answer 9

colour - shows different things

Question 10

what are choropleths prone to leading to?

Answer 10

ecological fallacy

Question 11

what can colour sometimes accidentally do?

Answer 11

distract from the actual data

Question 12

how can colour sometimes distract from the actual data?

Answer 12

may make the wrong bits seem more important

Question 13

heat maps =

Answer 13

graphical representations of data, where values are depicted by colour

Question 14

what are heat maps similar to?

Answer 14

choropleths

Question 15

different shading patterns in heat maps show how things?

Answer 15

vary

Question 16

are hex maps good to use?

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

pros of a hex map = (4)

Answer 17

• hexagons fit perfectly
• visually appealing
• good at showing variations in density
• uses real geographical space

Question 18

distribution maps are what type of maps?

Answer 18

thematic

Question 19

distribution maps are used to represent…

Answer 19

the distribution of particular geographical elements within a region

Question 20

hex cartograms are a map …

Answer 20

alternative

Question 21

hex cartograms =

Answer 21

each shape is reconstructed from a discrete tessellation of space (squares / hexagons)

Question 22

what does each cell in a hex cartogram represent?

Answer 22

a value of a variable

Question 23

what are hex cartograms also known as?

Answer 23

mosaic cartograms

Question 24

what shape does the overall hex cartogram typically attempt to end up being?

Answer 24

the original shape
- i.e. the country such as USA

Question 25

cartograms are a type of map …

Answer 25

alternative

Question 26

cartograms are where…

Answer 26

geometry of regions are distorted to convey information

Question 27

cartograms do what to scale?

Answer 27

distort it

Question 28

what are cartograms primarily used to show?

Answer 28

emphasis

Question 29

what do cartograms help us to visualise?

Answer 29

the distribution of the variable

Question 30

what is normally the variable in cartograms?

Answer 30

population

Question 31

why use maps? (3)

Answer 31

• easy to use
• engaging
• can show patterns (i.e. where social issues occur)

Question 32

are maps always the right choice?

Answer 32

no

Question 33

the mercator projection =

Answer 33

invented in 1500s - map we most commonly use today

Question 34

what map do we most commonly use today?

Answer 34

mercator projection

Question 35

mercator map advantage =

Answer 35

• preserves the changes
• suitable for navigation

Question 36

why is the mercator map suitable for navigation?

Answer 36

north points north

Question 37

what is a disadvantage of the mercator map? + example

Answer 37

distortion
- US, Europe and Russia all look far bigger than they actually are

Question 38

where is the Robinson map most commonly used?

Answer 38

education

Question 39

compared to the mercator map, the Robinson map is…

Answer 39

more accurate
more attractive

Question 40

is there still distortion in the Robinson map?

Answer 40

yes - but less than in the mercator map

Question 41

what is an advantage of the Robinson map?

Answer 41

shows distances / sizes / shapes accurately

Question 42

MAUP

Answer 42

modifiable area unit problem

Question 43

modifying the MAUP =

Answer 43

different results

Question 44

what does modifying the MAUP change?

Answer 44

the story of the data

Question 45

gerrymandering is -

Answer 45

drawing political boundaries to gain a numerical advantage

Question 46

how can we reduce gerrymandering? (4)

Answer 46

• regulations
• change voting system
• use fixed districts
• change voting system

Question 47

ecological fallacy =

Answer 47

logical error - where characteristics of a group are attributed to an individual

Question 48

example of the ecological fallacy =

Answer 48

a child attending a school in a high performing area does not mean that the child is a high attainer

Question 49

what do all maps do to some extent?

Answer 49

distort reality and lie

Question 50

when should we not use maps?

Answer 50

when geographical or location is not the most important thing