L6

Question 1

Why is behavioural change important?

Answer 1

• Household consumption accounts for 75% of GHG emissions
• equity - high per capita emissions in wealthy countries, contraction and convergence
  -snowball effect - support for wider political change
  -purchasing decisions influence business decisions
• changing behaviour can be key to changing attitudes

Question 2

What are the three main ways that a balance net zero pathway would occur in the UK and what are the percentages for this?

Answer 2

41% of emissions reductions would be technological changes with no shift in behaviour

43$ is behavioural change - with a combination of low tech and behaviour change

16% societal behaviour and change eg. food choices and aviation

Question 3

What is difficult about behaviour change?

Answer 3

• Habits.routines
  -perceived comfort and convenience
• mindset that individuals cant make a difference
• super-wicked issue - sptial and temporal difference between actions and consequences
• all or nothing
  -cogneitive dissonance
  -competing issues

Question 4

What did the CCC report on behaviour change find for net-zero policy and behaviour change?

Answer 4

behavioural and societal change for net-zero must

1. enable citizens to take specific actions that deliver large emissions reductions
2. create a wider context that nurtures public engagement with action on climate change

• small and easy changes are insufficient, we require high-impact shifts in behaviour

Question 5

How do you bring about behaviour change?

Answer 5

• udnerstand the audience and their motivations
  –> behaviour is complex and people react differently in different situations
• financial incentives (feed in tariffs) and penalities (carbon tax) –> idea of carrot and stick
• identify and remove barriers to action

-timing

-messenger - link in with the social - coming from people that you trust more likely to do it

• idea of fairness

Question 6

What is the ISM model?

Answer 6

Individual, social and material model

by Andrew Darnton for the Scottish Govenrment

draws on theories from social psychology, behavioural economics and sociology

Question 7

What is the individual level of the ISM model?

Answer 7

Factors held by the individual that affect the choices and the behaviours a person undertakes

includes the values, beliefs and attitudes and skills, and the calculations a person makes before acting ie. cost and benefits, emotions, agency, skills and habit

Question 8

What is the social level of the ISM model?

Answer 8

Factors that exist beyond the individual in the social realm, yet shape the behaviours in a person undertakes

Includes understandings that are shared amongst groups, such as social norms

behave differently in different settings, what are peers doing, who are we being influenced by
tastes, networks, opinion leaders and institutions

Question 9

What is the material level of the ISM model?

Answer 9

Factors that are out there in the environment and wider world which both constrain and shape behaviour

hard and soft factors
eg. physical infrastructure and schedules to rules and regulations

Question 10

What are some of the co-benefits of climate change?

Answer 10

Cleaner air
warmer homes
energy security
jobs
stronger communities
fairness - equally spread big challenge that is happening

Question 11

What were the key themes in the UK climate assembly

Answer 11

Education and information

fairness

freedom and choice

nature

co-benefits