L5.1 Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 layers of the glenohumeral joint?

A
  • multiple layers to maintain integrity
  1. Bones
  2. Labrum
  3. Capsule
  4. Tendons & rotator cuffs
  5. Bones (& Surrounding structures)
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2
Q

What are the methods to look at a shoulder pathology?

A

X-ray
CT (trauma & surgical planning)
US (rotator cuffs)
MRI (creates a global picture)

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3
Q

What are the different shoulder pathologies?

A
  • Arthritis - destruction of the articular cartilage
  • Frozen Shoulders - Adhesion between different parts of join
  • Tendinopathy - inflammation (mainly rotator cuffs) → leads to degeneration (wear and tear)
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4
Q

What is an anthogram?

A

Specialised method to see tear by injecting contrast

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5
Q

What is a Geyser phenomenon?

A

Joint squeezed all fluid out → creates lump on shoulderes

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6
Q

What are the symptoms of spinal injury?

A
  • Pain (localised/referred - to butt or back)
  • Can arise from joints, disc, bones or nerves
  • Loss of neurological function due to compression
    • Ridiculopathy - Impinging of nerve roots
    • Myelopathy - Impinging on spinal canal
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7
Q

Methods used to look at spinal pathology?

A
  • MRI (best)
  • CT
  • X-ray
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8
Q

What happens during dessication (drying up of nucleus?)

A
  • Predisposes it to degeneration
  • Disc looks black in MRI
  • Leads to cracks in annulus → herniation
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9
Q

What is the thecal sac?

A

The dura containing spinal cord & Nerve roots

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