L5.1 FAULTS AND FOLDS Flashcards
The shaking or trembling caused by the sudden release of energy.
Earthquakes
It is usually associated with faulting or breaking of rocks.
Earthquakes
The study of Earthquakes.
Seismology
Scientists who study Earthquakes.
Seismologists
The change to the shape of rock in response to stress.
Deformation
It is internal; the reaction of a material to pressure applied to it.
Stress
Deformation; measure of how the dimension changes.
Strain
Stress in which the rocks move in two opposite directions.
Shearing
Stress in which it pulls apart.
Tension
Stress in which it pushes together.
Compression
Type of deformation wherein it deforms like a piece of clay.
Plastic Deformtion
Type of deformation in wherein it does not cause earthquakes.
Plastic Deformation
Type of deformation in wherein it causes earthquakes.
Elastic Deformation
Type of deformation in wherein it returns to original form when stress is removed.
Elastic Deformation
Type of deformation in wherein rocks keep stretching until they finally break.
Elastic Deformation
Type of deformation wherein broken pieces return to their unstretched shape.
Elastic Deformation
It is a break in the Earth’s crust along which the blocks of the crust slide relative to one another
Fault
Where do Earthquakes occur?
Most take place near the edges of the tectonic plates
These are places where a large number of faults are located.
Earthquake Zones
TRUE OR FALSE
All faults are on plate boundaries.
False. NOT all faults are on plate boundaries.
This is where slabs of crust slide past each other.
Fault
In a Normal Fault, the force is called ________.
Tension
In a Reverse Fault, the force pushing is called _________________.
Compression
These are vertical fractures where the blocks have mostly moved horizontally.
Strike-slip Faults
Waves of energy that travel through the Earth.
Seismic Waves
Seismic waves that travel through the Earth’s interior. What are it’s two types?
Body Waves. It’s two types are P waves and S waves.
Seismic waves that travel along the Earth’s surface.
Surface Waves.
These body waves can travel through solids. liquids, and gases.
P Waves
These body waves can’t travel through parts of the Earth that are all liquid.
S Waves
These body waves are the fastest waves.
P Waves
These body waves are slower that P waves and arrive later.
S Waves
These body waves are also called the primary waves.
P Waves
These body waves are also called secondary waves.
S Waves
These body waves move rock back and forth squeezing and stretching the rock.
P Waves
These body waves stretch the rock sideways, movement is side to side.
S Waves
These waves travel more slowly than body waves and are more destructive
Surface Waves
