L5 - The Declinable and Indeclinable

Question 1

What is i’raab? Explain your answer

Answer 1

• I’raab is the final vowel on a word.
• It can either be:

Marfoo’ = dhamma
Mansoob = fat’ha
Majroor = kasra

Question 2

What is Mahall al-i’raab?

Answer 2

Mahall al-i’raab is the point of declension (where the i’raab will change if affected by an ‘Aamil)

Question 3

What are ‘Awaamil (regents)?

Answer 3

‘Awaamil are those words that have an effect on the i’raab of the word or words following.

‘Aamil = singular regent

Question 4

What are the types of words with regards to i’raab?

Answer 4

In terms of i’raab, Arabic words are of 2 types:
1. Mu’rab (declinable)
2. Mabni (indeclinable)

Question 5

What is the definition of Mu’rab (declinable)?

Answer 5

It is that word whose i’raab changes in accordance with the application of different ‘awaamil.

Question 6

Give examples of the i’raab changing in all 3 states and give the reasoning.

Use terms: ‘aamil, i’raab, mahall al-i’raab

Answer 6

• جاءَنِي زَيْدٌ (Zayd came to me)
  Jaa’a is the ‘aamil. It will make the faa’il marfoo’.
  The د on Zayd is mahall al-i’raab.
  Zayd is the faa’il, hence the i’raab will be marfoo’.
• رَاَيْتُ زَيْدًا (I saw Zayd)
  Ra’aytu is the ‘aamil. The maf’ool will be Mansoob.
  Zayd is Maf’ool, hence the i’raab will be mansoob.
• مَرَرْتُ بِزَيْدٍ (I passed by Zayd)
  Baa harf jar is the ‘aamil. The word following will be Majroor.
  Zayd is following the Harf Jar, hence, the i’raab will be majroor.

Question 7

Define Mabni and give an example

Answer 7

• It is that word whose i’raab does not change with the application of different ‘awaamil.

E.g. هٰؤُلاءِ
It does not change in the raf’i, nasbi or jarri cases.

Question 8

Which words are Mabni and Mu’rab?

Answer 8

Mabni:
- All Huroof
- Fi’l Maady
- Fi’l Amr Haadhir Ma’roof
- Fi’l Mudaari’ with Nun Jam’ Mu’annath
- Fi’l Mudaari’ with Nun Ta’keed
- Asmaa Ghayr Mutamakkin
- Asmaa Mutamakkin when not in Tarkeeb (when not in a compound/sentence)

Everything else is Mu’rab.