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MICR2220 Medical Bacteriology > L5 - STIs > Flashcards

L5 - STIs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the risk factors for STIs?

A

Age
sexual partners
sex tourism
MSM (PrEP)

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2
Q

What is caused by gonococcal and non-gonococcal sexual disease?

A

Urethritis
Cervicitis
Proctitis

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3
Q

What is Gonorrhoea caused by?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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4
Q

What are symptoms of gonorrhoeae

A

Discharge

Burning sensation

scrotal pain

anal itching

sore throat

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5
Q

What are the non-genital complications of gonorrhoea?

A

arthritis-dermatitis syndrome

meningitis/osteomyelitis/sepsis

Salpingitis
PID
Ectopic pregnancy
Sterility

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6
Q

what are symptoms of gonorrhoea in men?

A

Orhcitis
Epididymitis
sterility - rare as other symptoms are obvious

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7
Q

How does gonorrhoea adhere?

A

Type IV pili

Opa protein - makes adherence tight

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8
Q

What does induction of PMNLs do?

A

induces localised information

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9
Q

What can N. gonorrhoea resist the activity of?

A

PMNLs

complement pathway

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10
Q

Why is urine sample not useful for women for STIs?

A

Usually result in cervicitis not urethritis

cervical swab instead

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11
Q

What is NAAT?

A

Nucleic Acid Amplification Technology

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12
Q

What is super gonorrhoea?

A

potentially untreatable

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13
Q

What is the current treatment for gonorrhoea?

A

high dose ceftriaxone

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14
Q

What are non-gonococcal STIs caused by?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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15
Q

What is the sex bias of chlamydia?

A

men - 50% asymptomatic

women - 80% asymptomatic

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16
Q

Chlamydia pathogenesis?

A

Elementary bodies bind to cell surface

T3SS - injects invasion effectors & early effectors

17
Q

What is the main test used for chlamydia?

A

NAAT

18
Q

What is the treatment of chlamydia?

A

DOXYCYCLINE - 100mh 2x day for 7 DAYS

AZITHROMYCIN

19
Q

Which chlamydia treatment has fewer complications?

A

azithromycin - one single dose, easily monitored in clinic

20
Q

What is the “new chlamydia”

A

missed on diagnostic testing

MYCOPLASMA GENITALIUM

treat - moxifloxacin

21
Q

What diseases cause genital ulcerations?

A

Syphilis
Chancroid
L. venereum
Donovanosis

22
Q

What are the 3 stages of syphilis?

A

Primary - chancre
Secondary - rash, condylomata lata
Tertiary - Gumma, meningovascular lesions - madness

23
Q

How is syphilis diagnosed?

A

serology methods

24
Q

What are treponemal antibodies?

A

remain positive for life

25
Q

What are non-treponemal antibodies?

A

decline following treatment

26
Q

How is syphilis treated?

A

Benzathine/procaine penicillin

27
Q

What are tropical genital ulcerations?

A

common in AIDS patients in developing countries

28
Q

What is L. venereum caused by?

A

severs L1, L2, L3 of C. trachomatis

infection of lymph nodes

29
Q

What is chancroid caused by?

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

30
Q

What is donovanosis caused by?

A

Klebsiella inguinale

31
Q

What is bacterial vaginosis?

A

reduction in dormant lactobacilli in vagina - increases in other microbes e.g. Bacteroides spp.

32
Q

How is bacterial vaginosis?

A

Clue cells

whiff test

MICR2220 Medical Bacteriology (16 decks)

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