L5 - Setting Forth

Question 1

What is a direct effect? Give an example

Answer 1

Where human activity has an unmediated effect on the coastline
E.g. groynes changing the shape of the beach

Question 2

What is an indirect effect? Give an example

Answer 2

Where human activity leads to a knock-on effect, affecting the coastline
E.g. farmers choose to farm intensively due to rising costs affecting food webs

Question 3

What are the 4 umbrella terms for human activities that impact coastal landscapes and in turn coastal processes?

Answer 3

Development
Coastal management
Agriculture
Industry

Question 4

Give examples of activities related to development which affect the coastline.

Answer 4

Counter urbanisation
Cheaper office land away from London
Stresses cliffs and coastlines become more vulnerable

Question 5

Give examples of activities related to agriculture which affect the coastline.

Answer 5

Sea level rise and coastal erosion leads to farmland loss
Affects fishing industry
Land used for farming is low-value, so the coasts have no protection from erosion allowing natural erosion

Question 6

Give examples of activities related to coastal management which affect the coastline.

Answer 6

Groynes sustain and build up beach in some areas and starve some areas of sediment.
Sea-walls protect cliffs but starve beaches of sediment
Value for money is greater due to sharp rise in land value

Question 7

How has industry affected coastal processes?

Answer 7

Roads, railways, oil refineries and high value land means coastal management is needed
Off shore dredging removes beach sediment