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Medical Terminology (ML) > L5 - Respiratory system > Flashcards

L5 - Respiratory system Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Combining forms

Aden/o

A

gland

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2
Q

Combining forms

Spir/o

A

breathing

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3
Q

Combining forms

Phren/o-

A

diaphragm

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4
Q

steth/o-

A

chest

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5
Q

Eupnea:

A

normal, good, unlabored breathing,

sometimes known as quiet breathing or resting respiratory rate.

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6
Q

Hypopnea

A

abnormally slow or shallow breathing

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7
Q

Hyperpnea

A

breathing more deeply and
sometimes faster than usual

normal during exercise

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8
Q

Apnea

A

Without breathing

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9
Q

Bradypnea

A

abnormally slow breathing rate

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10
Q

Dyspnea

A

Painful or difficult breathing

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11
Q

Orthopnea

A

Difficulty or discomfort in breathing while lying flat, relieved by sitting or standing.

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12
Q

Tachypnea

A

Abnormally rapid breathing

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13
Q

Dysphonia

A

having an abnormal voice
(difficult or painful speech)

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14
Q

Pathology

Rhinitis

coryza

A

irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose.

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15
Q

Pathology

Sinusitis

A

inflammation of the mucous membranes that line the sinuses.

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16
Q

Pathology

Epiglottitis

A

inflammation of the epiglottis.

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17
Q

Pathology

Laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

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18
Q

Pathology

Hemoptysis

A

Lung or bronchial hemorrhage that results in the spitting of blood.

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19
Q

Pathology

Pneumonia

A

Inflammation of a lung

caused by Infection,
chemical inhalation or trauma.

20
Q

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) causes

A

may be due to increase production of secretions or actual destruction of lung tissues

21
Q

Pathology

Emphysema

A

alveoli are inefficient because of distension

alveolar walls become thin and are predisposed to
rupture

22
Q

Pathology

Chronic bronchitis

A

inflammation (swelling) and irritation of the bronchial tubes.

23
Q

Pathology

Asthma

A

narrowing of the bronchi leading to dyspnea, wheezing and coughing.

24
Q

Pathology

Cystic fibrosis

A

Hereditary disease in which the lungs become clogged with excessive amounts of abnormally thick mucus

can be life-threatening.

25
Q

Pathology/expansion disorders

Atelectasis

A

a complete or partial collapse of the entire lung or area (lobe) of the lung.

26
Q

Pathology/expansion disorders

Pneumothorax

A

abnormal collection of air in the pleural cavity.

27
Q

Pathology/expansion disorders

Pleural effusion

A

build-up of excess fluid between the layers of the pleura outside the lungs

28
Q

Pathology/expansion disorders

Empyema

A

condition in which pus accumulates in
the pleural cavity.

29
Q

greek word

empyein

A

pus producing

30
Q

Pathology

Bronchiectasis

A

chronic dilation of bronchi.

31
Q

Pathology

Bronchostenosis

A

narrowing of bronchial tube.

32
Q

Pathology

Bronchospasm

A

abnormal contraction of bronchi

33
Q

Physician terms

Otolaryngologist

A

physician who specializes in diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose and throat diseases.

34
Q

Physician terms

Pulmonologist

A

physician who specializes in diagnosis and treatment of respiratory disorders.

35
Q

Surgical terms

TONSILLECTOMY

A

Surgical removal of tonsils

36
Q

Surgical terms

LARYNGECTOMY

A

Surgical removal of larynx

37
Q

Surgical terms

LOBECTOMY

A

Surgical removal of a single lobe of the lung

38
Q

Surgical terms

ADENOIDECTOMY

A

Surgical removal of Adenoids

39
Q

Surgical terms

PNEUMONECTOMY

A

Surgical removal of a single lung

40
Q

Surgical terms

Tracheostomy

A

medical procedure, either temporary or permanent, that involves creating an opening in the neck in order to place a tube into a person’s windpipe.

41
Q

Surgical terms

Laryngotracheotomy

A

The operation of cutting into the larynx and the upper part of the trachea.

42
Q

Surgical terms

Thoracotomy

A

surgical procedure to gain access to
the chest.

43
Q

Surgical terms

Endotracheal tube

A

is the tube inserted through the (nose or mouth) into the trachea to establish an airway.

44
Q

Pharmacology

Bronchodilators

A

drugs that dilate the bronchial walls by relaxing bronchial muscles.

45
Q

Pharmacology

Expectorants

A

drugs that promote coughing and expulsion of mucus.

46
Q

Pharmacology

Antitussives

A

drugs relieve the cough by blocking cough reflex

47
Q

Pharmacology

Corticosteroids

A

drugs that reduce inflammation, used to treat respiratory diseases such as asthma

Medical Terminology (ML) (7 decks)

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