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Medical Terminology (ML) > L4 - Musculoskeletal system > Flashcards

L4 - Musculoskeletal system Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Oste/o-

A

bone

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2
Q

Chondr/o-

A

cartilage

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3
Q

Arthr/o- , articul/o-

A

joint

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4
Q

Cost/o-

A

ribs

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5
Q

Carp/o-

A

wrist

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6
Q

Brachi/o-

A

arm

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7
Q

Dactyl/o-

A

finger, toe

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8
Q

Ped/o-

A

foot, child

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9
Q

Burs/o

A

sac

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10
Q

Crani/o

A

skull

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11
Q

Tars/o-

A

ankle

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12
Q

Ankylosis

A

stiff joint

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13
Q

Synarthrosis

A

immobile or nearly immobile joint. Example, the joints between the skull bones.

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14
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

a slightly moveable joint. Example, the pubic symphysis.

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15
Q

Diarthrosis

A

a freely moveable joint. Example: synovial joints such as elbows and knees.

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16
Q

Bursa

A

small fluid filled sac lined
by synovial membrane with an inner
capillary layer of viscous synovial fluid

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17
Q

Bursa function

A

provides a cushion between bones and
tendons and/or muscles around a joint.

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18
Q

Bursitis

A

inflammation of the bursa, it’s a painful condition.

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19
Q

Flexion

A

medical term for bending an arm or leg.

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20
Q

Extension

A

movement that brings the limb into a straight position.

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21
Q

Abduction

A

movement of a limb away from the midline.

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22
Q

Adduction

A

motion that pulls a limb towards the midline of the body.

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23
Q

osteogenesis/ossification

A

the process of bone formation by osteoblasts.

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24
Q

Medullary cavity

A

open canal within the diaphysis, it contains
yellow bone marrow.

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25
Q

Articular cartilage

A

covers the epiphysis

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26
Q

Articular cartilage function

A

provides a smooth lubricated surface for low friction articulation.

27
Q

Chondrogenesis

A

formation of the cartilage.

28
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

infection of the bone.

29
Q

Osteopenia

A

deficiency of bone mass.

30
Q

Osteoporosis

A

condition of weak, porous, brittle bones

31
Q

Osteomalacia

A

softening of the bone.

32
Q

-penia

A

deficiency

33
Q

-malacia

A

softening

34
Q

Arthritis

A

inflammation of joint

35
Q

Arthralgia, Arthrodynia

A

pain in the joint.

36
Q

Algia, dynia=

A

pain

37
Q

Scoliosis

A

sideways curvature of the spine

38
Q

Kyphosis

A

excessive outward curve of the spine results in an abnormal rounding of the upper back

39
Q

Lordosis

A

the inward curve of the lumbar spines.
A small degree of lordosis is normal.

40
Q

Dactylomegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of the fingers or toes.

41
Q

Myasthenia gravis

A

chronic autoimmune, neuromuscular disease that leads to varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness.

42
Q

Myasthenia gravis leads to…

A

double vision, drooping eyelids, trouble talking and trouble walking.

43
Q

Fibromyalgia

A

hronic disorder characterized by widespread
aching and stiffness of muscle and soft tissues and fatigue

44
Q

-paresis

A

partial or incomplete paralysis, weakness

45
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

46
Q

Quadri-

A

four

47
Q

Myocele

A

Hernia of a muscle

48
Q

Myodynia, myalgia

A

Muscle pain

49
Q

Myospasm

A

A sudden involuntary contraction of
a muscle

50
Q

Myoma

A

tumor of muscle

51
Q

Orthopedics

A

The field of medicine concerned with the care of musculoskeletal system.

52
Q

Atonia

A

a condition in which a muscle has lost its strength.

53
Q

Kinesialgia

A

Pain results from movement.

54
Q

NSAID (non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug)

A

Medication that exerts analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions

55
Q

Narcotic

A

drug with potent analgesic effects; potential effects of
dependency through prolonged use, such as morphine.

56
Q

Arthrogram

A

images of a joint

57
Q

Arthrocentesis

A

procedure of collection of synovial fluid from a joint capsule.

58
Q

Osteorrhaphy

A

surgical suturing of fragments of broken bone.

59
Q

Electromyography

A

An electrodiagnostic technique for
evaluating and recording the electrical
activity produced by skeletal muscles.

60
Q

Myectomy

A

Surgical excision of part of a muscle

61
Q

Tenorrhaphy

A

Suturing of a tendon

62
Q

Reduction

A

a surgical procedure to repair a fracture or
dislocation to the correct alignment.

63
Q

Traction

A

slowly and gently pulling on a fractured or dislocated body part. Traction uses devices such as weights and pulleys to put tension on a displaced bone or joint. The tension helps put the joint back in position and keep it still.

Medical Terminology (ML) (7 decks)

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