L5 Pharynx & Larynx Flashcards
Pharynx
Where does it join the esophagus?
C6
Divisions
Nasopharynx
Is above which structure?
Posterior nasopharynx is at which vertebral level?
Is above which structure? soft palate
Posterior nasopharynx is at which vertebral level? C1
Oropharynx
Between which structures?
Which vertebral level?
Between soft palate to epiglottis
C2-C3 level
Arches
Laryngopharynx
Which vertebral level?
What are the “valleys” on either side of the epiglottis?
What about the recesses inferiorly?
C3-C6
What are the “valleys” on either side of the epiglottis? valleculae
What about the recesses inferiorly? piriform recess
Superior constrictor
Give two attachments: what to what bones?
Function?
Mandible to occipital bone
Move food to middle constrictor
Superior constrictor: give one function ?
propels food to middle constrictor
Middle constrictor
Two attachments?
Function?
Two attachments? Hyoid bone to raphe
Function? propel food to inferior constrictor
Inferior constrictor
What are two attachments?
Function?
What are two attachments? thyroid & cricoid cartilage to raphe and esophagus
Function? propel food to esophagus
Inferior constrictor — posterior view
Inferior constrictor — posterior view — cadaver
Stylopharyngeus muscle —
Attachments
Nerves
Action
— Styloid to thyroid cartilage
— Glossopharyngeal nerve
— Elevates larynx & pharynx
Salpingopharyngeus & Palatopharyngeus (muscle table)
Attachments
Action (same)
Innvervation (same)
— Both elevate pharynx
— Both innvervated by Pharyngeal plexus
Palatopharngeus
— hard palate to thyroid cartilage
Salpingopharyngeus
— auditory tube cartilage to palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus
Identify
Arterial supply — already covered in another slide for ECA and ICA
Tonsillar bed: arterial supply
Is supplied by Tonsillar branches of which arteries? 5
— Lesser palatine
— Ascending palatine
— Ascending pharyngeal
— Dorsal lingual artery
— Facial artery
Veins and lymph
Innervation
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Nasopharynx : CN V 2
Oropharynx: CN IX Glossopharyngeal
Laryngopharynx: CN X Vagus
think about the practical exam, for Vagus CN X, we ask about voice quality and have the patient say Ahhh. And for CN IX, we watch for the soft palate to elevate and ask about swallowing, saliva, etc
Pharyngeal plexus
Identify the three regions of the larynx
526
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
P526
Arytenoid cartilage
Corniculate, cuneiform and epiglottis
Epiglottis: What are its attachments?
Anteriorly
Laterally
Anteriorly: thyroid cartilage and body of hyoid bone
Laterally: arytenoid cartilages
Relationship between membranes and ligaments
Ventricle
Quadrangular membrane is under the inferior part of the epiglottis
Vocal folds
Vocal cord visualisation
Identify the structure
Vocal fold is lower
Vestibular fold is higher, where the vestibule is
Vocal fold movements
Muscle summary
Muscle summary — also in muscle table
What muscle is this?
Cricothyroid
What muscle is this?
Thyroartyenoid
What muscle is this?
What does it do?
Posterior Cricoarytenoid
opens the vocal cords
What muscle is this?
Lateral cricoarytenoid
What is this muscle ?
Oblique arytenoid
What is this muscle ?
Transverse arytenoid
Posterior larynx cadaver
What is this?
Vagus nerve:
What are the branches going from inferior to superior ?
What do they innvervate?
— recurrent laryngeal: intrinsic muscles of larynx except Cricothyroid muscle
— superior laryngeal: cricoid muscle of the larynx
— pharyngeal branch: superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors
Arterial supply 2
Superior (ECA from superior thyroid) and inferior (CCA) laryngeal arteries
Venous drainage.
Which two veins drain the larynx?
They drain into which respective veins?
Superior and inferior laryngeal veins drain into superior and inferior thyroid veins respectively.
Lymphatics — remember one node location
Paratrachel nodes
