L1 Triangles Of The Neck Flashcards
Where is the Platysma? Which fascia?
Which fascia has fat?
Superficial fascia
Platysma — see muscle table
Label the fascia
Deep fascia of the neck p.530
Label the fascia layers
Fascia spaces
Carotid sheath p530
— Between which muscles? 2
— Which arteries, veins and nerve are encased?
SCM & pre-vertebral
Common carotid, IJV and Vagus n.
Retropharyngeal Space
Horizontal zones of the neck
Posterior triangle of the neck — border and contents, name 1 thing
Remember one content of the posterior triangle: accessory nerve XI
Jugular veins p521
Facial vein and what vein drains into?
External jugular drains into? Tom, Mark, Ron and Paul Exit Silently
Internal jugular drains into? Frank And Ron Identify as Boys
Facial & Anterior Retromandibular drains into IJV
IJV drains into brachiocephalic vein
Superficial Temporal + Maxillary drains into Retromandibular, which splits into anterior and posterior. Posterior + Posterior Auricular drains into EJV which drains into subclavian
Pneumonic for posterior:
Tom, Mark, Ron and Paul Exit Silently
Superficial Temporal, Maxillary, Retromandibular, Posterior branch + Posterior Auricular, External Jugular, Subclavian
Pneumonic for anterior/internal jugular vein
Frank And Ron Identify as Boys
Facial & Anterior Retromandibular in the Internal Jugular Vein, drains into Brachiocephalic
Superficial nerves p525
Cutaneous nerves
got wrong: the one out of the box
Accessory Nerve & Phrenic Nerves — innervate?
What muscle does the phrenic run over?
Acccessory nerve XI : SCM & Trapezius
Phrenic : C3, C4, C5 keeps the diaphragm alive. Runs along anterior scalene
Label the neck:
Accessory runs along?
Phrenic runs along?
Accessory nerve runs along levator scapula
Phrenic runs along the anterior scalene
Deep muscles of the posterior triangle
Splenius capitis
Levator scapulae
Anterior, Middle and Posterior Scalenes — see muscle tables
See muscle tables
Boundaries of anterior triangle
Label the superficial veins
Where do facial and retromandibular veins drain?
Where does the anterior vein drain?
retromandibular vein divides into two branches:
Anterior: joins the (anterior) facial vein, forming the common facial vein which drains into the internal jugular vein.
Posterior: joins the posterior auricular vein, forming the external jugular vein
Anterior drains into EJV or subclavian directly
Retromandibular vein p521
— Formed by which two veins?
— Divides into?
— Those join with which veins and dump into ?
— Formed by which two veins? superficial temporal & maxillary v
— Divides into? anterior and posterior
— Those join with which veins and dump into ?
anterior + facial > IJV
posterior + posterior auricular > EJV
Which spinal nerves branches are in the anterior cervical triangle? 525
Transverse cervical nerve C2-C3
Runs across which muscle?
Ansa cervicalis
Ansa cervicalis
Superior root is?
Inferior roots are?
Supplies which group of muscles?
Superior root is? C1
Inferior roots are? C2, C3
Supplies which group of muscles? Infrahyoid
Suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles
See muscle tables for OIIA
P516
Label these muscles relative to the hyoid bone
See muscle tables for all the hyoid muscles
Label the arteries
Branches of the external carotid artery
Study this cadaver image of the external carotid artery
Anterior branches
— facial
— lingual
— superior thyroid
Posterior branches
— posterior auricular
— occipital
— ascending pharyngeal
divisions within the anterior triangle — Submental triangle
What are the 4 divisions?
— Submental
— Submandibular
— Carotid
— Muscular
Submandibular triangle
Muscular triangle
Carotid triangle — which nerves, arteries, veins?
537
Nerves : X, XI and XII and Ansa cervicalis
All carotid arteries
IJV
Root of the neck
Thyroid and parathyroid glands
P530
Blood supply & venous supply
Discuss their origins, branches, where they drain etc
536
External and internal carotid arteries arise from the common
left common carotid arises directly from the aortic arch
right common carotid arises from the brachiocephalic trunk
inferior thyroid vein drains into the brachiocephalic vein
middle & superior thyroid vein drain into the IJV
IJV drains into the brachiocephalic vein and then into the right atrium
Prevertebral muscles
Page 535
Branches of the thyrocervical trunk? 4
— Branches of the thyrocervical trunk:
— suprascapula
— transverse cervical
— ascending cervical
— inferior thyroid
Vertebral vessels
— vertebral artery arises from?
— vertebral vein drains int?
Vertebral artery arises from the subclavain artery before the thyrocervical trunk p.583
Vertebral vein drains into the brachiocephalic vein
Sympathetic trunks —
What are the three ganglion in the cervical region?
535, 527
- Superior
- Middle
- Stellate
