L5 Male Reproductive Behavior

Question 1

many religious sects throughout history believed testes blocked…

Answer 1

rational and/or pious thought

Question 2

Drive Theory

Answer 2

underlying causes of behavior are competing intrinsic drives or motivations

Question 3

males have evolved to…

Answer 3

maximize reproductive fitness

Question 4

potential rate of reproduction (PRR)

Answer 4

number of possible offspring produced in a given breeding season

Question 5

which sex has higher PRR?

Answer 5

males

Question 6

parental investment (PI)

Answer 6

time and energy invested in the production and care of offspring; subdivided into mating effort and parental care

Question 7

which sex invests more in mating effort?

Answer 7

males

Question 8

which sex invests more in parental care?

Answer 8

females

Question 9

operation sex ratio (OSR)

Answer 9

ratio of males to females available to mate at any given time

Question 10

differences in OSR generally leads to…

Answer 10

males being competitive and females being choosy

Question 11

what regulates production of male gametes (and behavior)?

Answer 11

H-P-G axis

Question 12

Hypothalamus > a. pituitary > testes

Answer 12

GnRH > LH/FSH > T, E, and DHT

Question 13

what is the goal of the H-P-G axis in males?

Answer 13

spermatogenesis

Question 14

what cell type does FSH go to?

Answer 14

Sertoli cells

Question 15

what cell type does LH go to?

Answer 15

Leydig cells

Question 16

Sertoli cells give rise to…

Answer 16

inhibin & sperm

Question 17

Leydig cells give rise to…

Answer 17

testosterone > sperm

Question 18

sperm pathway

Answer 18

seminiferous tubules
epididymis
vas deferens
ejaculatory duct
urethra
penis

Question 19

appetitive phase

Answer 19

all behaviors males use to gain access to female; motivation, libido, courtship

Question 20

consummatory phase

Answer 20

behaviors directly involved in joining sperm and egg; copulation, performance

Question 21

what’s included in the consummatory phase?

Answer 21

erection, mounting, intromission, ejaculation

Question 22

DHT reverses effects of…

Answer 22

castration on performance in rats

Question 23

E reverses effects of…

Answer 23

castration on motivation in rats

Question 24

it appears that both androgens (T or DHT) and estrogens (E) are required for…

Answer 24

full male sex behavior

Question 25

hormones have their effects by modifying...

Answer 25

the CNS

Question 26

4 brain regions involved in male (rodent) sex behavior

Answer 26

POA, olfactory bulbs, vomeronasal organ (VNO), amygdala

Question 27

the POA is critical for integrating...

Answer 27

environmental, physiological, and psychological info prior to and during copulation

Question 28

in virtually all species, lesions of the POA in adult males eliminates...

Answer 28

sexual performance

Question 29

implants of T into POA of castrated males restores...

Answer 29

copulation

Question 30

chemosensory system

Answer 30

- main and accessory olfactory bulbs - vomeronasal organ (VNO)

Question 31

vomeronasal organ (VNO)

Answer 31

senses chemosensory cues; nerves lead to olfactory bulbs

Question 32

the amygdala receives...

Answer 32

projections from the main and accessory olfactory bulbs

Question 33

the amygdala is critical for...

Answer 33

integrating sensory info important for sex behavior

Question 34

dopamine

Answer 34

NT implicated in neural circuitry of arousal, reward, and motivation

Question 35

when does dopamine increase in the POA?

Answer 35

during and after copulation

Question 36

what does dopamine facilitate?

Answer 36

sex behavior in rats and some primates

Question 37

social context modulates...

Answer 37

hormone-behavior interactions

Question 38

what is the most important social context for male behavior?

Answer 38

estrous female

Question 39

male response in social context regarding estrous

Answer 39

- males do not respond to non-estrous females - males respond less to females artificially brought into estrous

Question 40

Coolidge Effect

Answer 40

males will mate to satiety with a female; once satiated, males will no longer copulate, unless they are given a "new" female, then they will begin copulation again

Question 41

2 species of whiptail lizards

Answer 41

sexually reproducing and parthenogenic

Question 42

sexually reproducing males have male-typical behavior while parthenogenic behavior have...

Answer 42

pseudocopulatory behavior