L5: Ethics

Question 1

Lost as many ethical principles as you can

Answer 1

• deception
• depbriefing/informed consent/consent
• physical or emotional harm
• withdrawal from research
• confidentiality

Question 2

Outline some problems with defining variables

Answer 2

• subjectivity vs objectivity

- testabikity, how do you measure the activation of words in the mind, or anxiety?

Question 3

Name and outline the different types of scale/data (first one:nominal)

Answer 3

Nominal: categorically discrete data. Numbers are merely labels (no relationship between size of number and attribute measures )

Ordinal: data is put in order (only relative ranking though)

Interval: equal intervals on the scale. E.g temperature, same difference between 20° and 30° as 10° and 20°, however 20° is not twice as warm as 10°. Also 0 is not a meaning ful point, for example -10° exists

Ratio: interval scale and the number zero denotes absolute absence

Question 4

Why would you use a median instead of a mean?

Answer 4

If the set of data contained a decent number of outliers (medians are LESS affected by outliers)

Of it is an ordinal measure

Question 5

When would you use mode?

Answer 5

If data is on a nominal scale

Question 6

Issues with modes

Answer 6

• some data sets do not have modes

- some data sets have more than 1 mode

Question 7

To calculate standard deviation you square root the……

Answer 7

Variance

Question 8

Calculate the standard deviation for this set of data.

5,8,10,11,15,16,16,17,18,18,18,19,24

Answer 8

4.96

Question 9

Bar graphs are typically used for ____ data

Answer 9

Nominal

Question 10

Histograms and stem and leaf plots are good for

Answer 10

Showing overall pattern (distribution, spread etc.)