L5 - Aims & Hypotheses

Question 1

Aims

Answer 1

• A precise statement about the purpose of the study and what it intends to find out
• Should be first step when conducting research
• should include what is being studied and what the study is trying to achieve

Question 2

Operationalisation of variables

Answer 2

• it’s defining the variables in such a way as to make them easy to measure
• second step is to decide the IV & DV & operationalise them

Question 3

Hypotheses

Answer 3

• it’s a precise, testable statement about the expected outcome of the investigation
• third step is to decide a hypothesis and operationalise it

Question 4

Significant differences

Answer 4

• Differences in the DV resulting from manipulation of the IV
• If it’s been statistically shown that the differences are highly unlikely to be due to chance

Question 5

2 hypothesis types

Answer 5

• Null Hypothesis
• Alternative/Experimental hypothesis

Question 6

Null hypothesis

Answer 6

States that the IV will have no effect on the DV

Question 7

Alternative/experimental hypothesis

Answer 7

Predicts that the IV will have an effect on the DV

Question 8

Two types of alternative/experimental hypothesis

Answer 8

• non-directional hypothesis: two-tailed
• directional hypothesis: one-tailed

Question 9

Non-directional hypothesis - two-tailed

Answer 9

This doesn’t state the direction of the predicted differences between conditions
(E.g. eating chocolate will significantly affect a person’s mood)

Question 10

Directional hypothesis: one tailed

Answer 10

This states the direction of the predicted difference between conditions
(E.g. eating chocolate will increase a person’s mood)